Konfesje nad grobem św. Wojciecha a ostatnia aranżacja prezbiterium katedry gnieźnieńskiej

• Autorzy: Świechowski Z.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Confessions over the Tomb of St. Wojciech and the Most Recent Arrangement of the Presbytery in Gniezno Cathedral

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

From the year 1000 Gniezno, the first capital of Poland, was also the seat of an independent metropolis. Its rank was to a considerable measure influenced by the fact that the local church housed the body of St. Wojciech (Adalbert), Bishop of Prague, who died as a martyr in 997 during a mission intent on converting pagan Pruthenians, inhabiting terrains located to the east of the month of the Vistula. Fundamental imact upon the spatial configuration of the interior of successive cathedrals in Gniezno was exerted by the tomb of the martyr, whose location remained unaltered up to the second world war. This study presents a characteristic of the consecutive changes of the sanctuary of St. Wojciech, situated in the eastern span of the main nave, at the threshold of the presbytery both in the pre-Romanesque and Romanesque cathedral and their Gothic successor, whose erection was inaugurated in 1343. The transformations in question were the outcome of an evolution of the liturgy and forms of the cult as well as great currents in mediaeval and modern European art. At the very onset, Emperor Otton III offered a gold altar marking the end of his celebrated pilgrimage, both religious and political, to the grave of his friend St. Wojciech. A component of this Ottonian confession was in all likelihood an enormous gold crucifix founded by Bolesaw I (the Brave), the prime beneficiary of the imperial visit, which created the bases for Polish Church organisation and yielded a royal crown for the Polish ruler and his son. The outfitting of the Ottonian confession, in 1034- 1038 taken to prague as wartime loot in the course of the great crisis of the so-called first Polish state, is relatively well known from a chronicle description, but the falling centuries, up to the fourteenth century, remain unclear. The sole exception is a gold reliquary, known from a fifteenth-century description, containing the head of St.Wojciech and offered by Bolesław II the Wrymouth in 1113. This eight-sided reliquary, studded with pearls and sapphires, was apparently the main cult object within the Gothic confessions. Extant remnants of the socle with coats of arms of the widely branched out Pomian family of Great Poland, supported an iron shrine composed of the lattice surrounding the altar with the displayed reliquary and adjoining tomb.

• Wydawca: Komitet Architektury i Urbanistyki PAN ; Politechnika Warszawska, Wydział Architektury
• Czasopismo: Kwartalnik Architektury i Urbanistyki
• Rocznik: 1998
• Tom: T. 43, z. 1-2
• Strony: 123--134
• Opis fizyczny: Przypisy poz. 50,

Twórcy

autor

Świechowski Z.

• prac.Wydziału Architektury i Budownictwa Politechniki Łódzkiej