Analiza widm emisyjnych procesów spalania jako zagadnienie odwrotne w pomiarach pośrednich

• Autorzy: Wójcik W. , Cięszczyk S. , Kisała P. , Komada P.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Flame emission spectrum analysis as an inverse problem in indirect measurements

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Artykuł przedstawia problem pomiarów in situ zawartości gazów oraz temperatury w procesach spalania. Pomiary takie przeprowadzone być mogą z wykorzystaniem spektrometru FTIR o otwartej ścieżce pomiarowej. Analizę widm transmisyjnych oraz emisyjnych procesów o zmieniającej się temperaturze potraktować można jako rozwiązanie zagadnienia odwrotnego. Zagadnienie proste jest wtedy modelowaniem widm w zależności od temperatury oraz zawartości składników. Przedstawiono pomiary promieniowania procesu spalania oraz ich analizę ilościową z wykorzystaniem opisanej metody.

EN

The paper presents a problem of in-situ measurements of gas concentration and temperature of combustion processes. Such measurements can be carried out by using an open path FTIR. The analysis of transmission and emission spectra of changeable temperature processes can be treated as an inverse problem. Modelling of the spectrum as a function of temperature and species concentration is then a direct problem. In this paper there are presented combustion process measurements and the quantitative analysis as an inverse problem is performed. In the introduction the need for investigations of the combustion process is discussed. Recently biomass gasification and combustion have been playing a significant role due to the environmental protection. What is important, the process should be analysed by an in-situ method. The access to some processes can be so difficult that only remote measurements are possible. In those cases an OP-FTIR spectrometer (Open Path Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer) can be used. The analysis of the classical FTIR spectrum is shown in Section 2. This method consists in using a set of calibration samples for preparing the calibration curve. Unknown concentration of species is determined with this curve. Calibration and measurements have to be carried out in the same temperature. Section 3 describes the problem of simultaneous analysis of concentration and temperature of gases based on infrared spectrum measurements. The inverse problem method is one of the solutions of this problem. The direct problem consists in modeling the spectrum modeling of known temperature and concentration. There are two kinds of methods for modeling the synthetic spectrum of gases - physical (line by line) and statistical one. The spectra in Fig. 3 are calculated for the temperature profiles of Fig. 2. The misfit minimisation between the synthetic and measurement spectrum by means of an optimization method is called the inverse problem. Section 4 describes the measurements of the process infrared spectrum. The spectrum measurements based on the spectral gas models and the inverse problem are analysed. The FTIR spectra measured are shown in Figs. 7 and 9, whereas the adequate analyses are depicted in Figs. 6 and 8. The paper is summarised with some conclusions.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

pomiary pośrednie; zagadnienie odwrotne; OP-FTIR; procesy spalania

EN

indirect measurements; inverse problem; OP-FTIR; combustion processes

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo PAK
• Czasopismo: Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
• Rocznik: 2009
• Tom: R. 55, nr 2
• Strony: 121--125
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 9 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Wójcik W.

autor

Cięszczyk S.

autor

Kisała P.

autor

Komada P.

• Katedra Elektroniki,Politechnika Lubelska,

Bibliografia

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• [2] A. Weissinger, T. Fleckl, I. Obernberger: In situ FTIR spectroscopic investigations of species from biomass fuels in a laboratory-scale combustor: the release of nitrogenous species, Combustion and Flame 137, 2004, pp. 403-417.
• [3] A. J de Castro at all: Open-path Fourier transform infrared spectrometry characterization of low temperature combustion gases in biomass fuels, Infrared Physics & Technology 51, 2007, pp. 21-30.
• [4] R. J. Yokelson, D. W. Griffith, D. E. Ward: Open-path Fourier transform infrared studies of large-scale laboratory biomass fires, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 101, 1996, pp. 21, 067-21, 080.
• [5] E. Flores-Jardines at all: Investigation of temperature and gas concentration distribution in hot exhausts (airplanes and burners) by scanning imaging FTIR spectrometry, SPIE vol. 5979, 2005, pp. 365-376.
• [6] W. Wójcik, S. Cięszczyk, P. Komada, P. Kisała: Pomiary widma procesów spalania do celów diagnostycznych w zakresie średniej pod-czerwieni, Diagnostyka Procesów i Systemów, EXIT, Warszawa 2007, str. 271-276.
• [7] P. R. Griffiths, J. A. de Haseth: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry, A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007, Hoboken, New Jersey.
• [8] J. Piotrowski, K. Kostyrko: Wzorcowanie aparatury pomiarowej, PWN, 2000, Warszawa.
• [9] L. S. Rothman at all: The HITRAN 2004 molecular spectroscopic database, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 96, 2005 , pp. 139-204.