Geomagnetic variations and their time derivatives during geomagnetic storms at different levels of intensity

• Autorzy: Watermann J. , Gleisner H.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The latitudinal distributions of horizontal geomagnetic variations, ΔH, and their time derivatives, ∂H/∂t, were analysed statistically over the three-year period 2003–2005. It appears that the amplitude distributions of horizontal geomagnetic variations and their time derivatives differ systematically between different geomagnetic latitudes and storm intensity levels. We show that the magnetic field variations observed at auroral and polar cap latitudes are under all geomagnetic storm levels comparable in amplitude (in a statistical sense) while they are smaller at subauroral latitudes. In contrast, their time derivatives are clearly the largest at auroral latitudes at all storm levels. These distributions determine in a general sense where and with which probability technological systems and operational procedures may be affected by geomagnetic storms. However, one observes in individual cases that the peak ∂H/∂t (the largest in all horizontal directions) is not necessarily the one which triggers a power system blackout.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

geomagnetic variations; geomagnetically induced currents

• Wydawca: Instytut Geofizyki PAN ; Springer
• Czasopismo: Acta Geophysica
• Rocznik: 2009
• Tom: Vol. 57, no. 1
• Strony: 197--208
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 16 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Watermann J.

autor

Gleisner H.

• Le Studium and LPCE/CNRS, Orléans, France,

Bibliografia

• Boteler, D.H., R.J. Pirjola, and H. Nevanlinna (1998), The effects of geomagnetic disturbances on electrical systems at the Earth's surface, Adv. Space Res. 22, 17-28,
• Gleisner, H., O. Rasmussen, and J. Watermann (2006), Large-magnitude geomagnetic disturbances in the North Sea region: Statistics, causes, and forecasting, Adv. Space Res. 37, 1169-1174,
• Hejda, P., and J. Bochnicek (2005), Geomagnetically induced pipe-to-soil voltages in the Czech oil pipelines during October-November 2003, Ann. Geophys. 23, 3089-3093, SRef-ID: 1432-0576/ag/2005-23-3089.
• Pirjola, R. (2002), Review on the calculation of surface electric and magnetic fields and of geomagnetically induced currents in ground-based technological systems, Surv. Geophys. 23, 71-90,
• Pirjola, R. (2005), Effects of space weather on high-latitude ground systems, Adv. Space Res. 36, 2231-2240,
• Pirjola, R. (2008), Study of effects of changes of earthing resistances on geomagnetically induced currents in an electric power transmission system, Radio Sci. 43, RS1004
• Pulkkinen, A., S. Lindahl, A. Viljanen, and R. Pirjola (2005), Geomagnetic storm of 29-31 October 2003: Geomagnetically induced currents and their relation to problems in the Swedish high-voltage power transmission system, Space Weather 3, S08C03,
• Pulkkinen, A., A. Viljanen, R. Pirjola (2006a), Estimation of geomagnetically induced current levels from different input data, Space Weather 4, S08005,
• Pulkkinen, A., A. Klimas, D. Vassiliadis, V. Uritsky, and E. Tanskanen (2006b), Spatiotemporal scaling properties of the ground geomagnetic field variations, J. Geophys. Res. 111, A03305,
• Reay, S.J., W. Allen, O. Baillie, J. Bowe, E. Clarke, V. Lesur, and S. Macmillan (2005), Space weather effects on drilling accuracy in the North Sea, Ann. Geophys. 23, 3081-3088,
• Viljanen, A., and L. Häkkinen (1997), IMAGE magnetometer network. In: M. Lockwood, M.N. Wild, and H.J. Opgenoorth (eds.), Satellite-Ground Based Coordination Sourcebook, ESA publications SP-1198, Noordwijk, 111-117.
• Viljanen, A., H. Nevanlinna, K. Pajunpää, and A. Pulkkinen (2001), Time derivative of the horizontal geomagnetic field as an activity indicator, Ann. Geophys. 19, 1107-1118.
• Watermann, J. (2007), The magnetic environment - GIC and other ground effects. In: J. Lilensten (ed.), Space Weather - Research Towards Applications in Europe, Springer, Dordrecht, 269-275.
• Watermann, J., O. Rasmussen, P. Stauning, and H. Gleisner (2006), Temporal versus spatial geomagnetic variations along the west coast of Greenland, Adv. Space Res. 37, 1163-1168, DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2005.08.019.
• Weigel, R.S., A.J. Klimas, and D. Vassiliadis (2003), Solar wind coupling to and predictability of ground magnetic fields and their time derivatives, J. Geophys. Res. 108, A7, 1298,
• Wintoft, P., M. Wik, H. Lundstedt, and L. Eliasson (2005), Predictions of local ground geomagnetic field fluctuations during the 7-10 November 2004 events studied with solar wind driven models, Ann. Geophys. 23, 3095- 3101