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Purpose: Cast irons are the basic structural material and they form 75% of the world production of castings. The crystallization of cast iron and the formation of graphite are a complex process influencing by oxygen. The aim of our study is to identify the role of oxygen in Fe-C-Si melts. Design/methodology/approach: Continuous comparison of changes in metal composition and oxygen activity during melting, pouring, and solidification of experimental castings, using metallographic methods and microanalysis. Determination of total oxygen content in cast iron by the high temperature extraction method. Findings: Oxygen activity in graphitic cast irons is determined during manufacture of liquid metal and its pouring mainly by carbon and silicon activities. Silicon deoxidates cast irons at lower temperatures, at higher temperatures this function is taken over by carbon. Logarithmic dependences of oxygen activity on temperature for individual graphite forms (lamellar, vermicular, and spheroidal ones) have been obtained. Determination of total oxygen content in cast iron on the other hand gives valuable information for controlling surface and internal quality of cast irons. Practical implications: Possibility of control the cast iron structure and graphitization during crystallization by monitoring the oxygen content with an indirect method of oxygen activity measurement in the melt before metal pouring the mould. Originality/value: The used method gives reproducible results which are comparable under different conditions of metal melting and pouring. Obtained knowledge extends the understanding in the field of cast irons crystallization by less known influence of oxygen.
Słowa kluczowe
Wydawca
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
111--116
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 15 poz.
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autor
autor
autor
autor
- Department of Foundry Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic, tomasmas.elbel@vsb.cz
Bibliografia
- [1] M. Macnaughtan, Cast Iron Material Standards for a new Millennium, Proceedings of the 67th World Foundry Congress ICME 2006, Harrogate, 2006, 146/1-146/10.
- [2] M. Lampic, Progress in the theory and Practice of Compacted Graphite Iron for Engine Components. Proceedings of Technical Forum “Solidification and Properties of Cast Alloys” CTIF, Beijing, 1995, 56-74.
- [3] K. Orths, W. Weiss, M. Lampic, Verdecte Fehler bei Gusstucken aus Gusseisen, Giesserei-Forschung 27/3 (1975) 103-111 (in German).
- [4] K. Orths, W. Weiss, M. Lampic, Verdecte Fehler bei Gussstucken aus Gusseisen, Giesserei-Forschung 27/4 (1975) 113-128 (in German).
- [5] S.N. Lekaly, D.G.C. Robertson, C.R. Loper Jr., Thermo-chemistry and Kinetics of Iron Melt Treatment, Proceedings of the 67th World Foundry Congress, ICME 2006, Harrogate, 2006, 68/1-68/10.
- [6] F. Mampaey, K. Beghyn, Oxygen Activity in Cast Iron Measured in Induction Furnace at Variable Temperature, AFS Transactions 114 (2006) 637-656.
- [7] R. Hummer, Oxygen Activity of Ductile Iron Melts, Advanced Materials Research 4-5 (1997) 269-276.
- [8] T. Elbel, J. Senberger, A. Zadera, R. Vladik, State of the art of metal reoxidation study of iron castings, Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 28/11 (2007) 649-652.
- [9] T. Elbel, J. Senberger, A. Zadera, L. Kocian, Study of the occurrence and suppression of metal reoxidation in ferrous castings, Proceedings of the 67th World Foundry Congress, ICME 2006, Harrogate, 94/1-94/10.
- [10] F. Mampaey, Aluminium Cast Iron, AFS Transactions 113 (2005) 05-149.
- [11] R. Hummer, et. al., Sauerstoffaktivitätsmessung und thermische Analyse ermoglichen effiziente Schmelzekontrolle von Hochwertigem Gusseisen, Giesserei-Rundschau 46/7/8 (1999) 8-16 (in German).
- [12] T. Elbel, J. Hampl, Effect of chemical composition upon pinholes formation in compacted graphite cast iron, Proceedings of the 48th International Foundry Conference, Portoroso, 2008, in print.
- [13] www.spectro.com.
- [14] F. Mampaey, et al., The use of oxygen activity measurement to determine optimal properties of ductile iron during production, Giessereiforschung, 60/1 (2008) 2-19.
- [15] E. Hofmann, G. Wolf, Reproduzierbare Herstellung von Gusseisen mit vermicular Graphit unter Verwendung einer verbesserten EMK-Messtechnik, Giessereiforschung 53/4 (2001) 131-151 (in German).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BSL7-0033-0019