Flow in open channels under the influence of ice cover

• Autorzy: Majewski W.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

During winters in Poland, lakes, ponds, rivers, channels, run-of-reservoirs, ditches and streams are covered with ice, which changes significantly the flow and thermal conditions in water bodies. The paper presents a very complicated process of ice formation on stagnant and flowing waters. Various kinds of ice are described together with their consequences for flow and thermal conditions. The possibility to define flow conditions in open channels with ice cover is described. In 1982, a significant flood on Włocławek Reservoir (Lower Vistula River) appeared, which was caused by the coincidence of unfavourable, extreme hydrological and meteorological conditions. These conditions, as well as the run and consequences of the flood, are described. Detailed field measurements of ice cover and flow were carried out. One-dimensional model for steady nonuniform flow was developed and applied to the conditions existing in 1982 on the Włocławek Reservoir.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

ice formation; thermal regime; ice phenomena; ice jam flood; Włocławek Reservoir

• Wydawca: Instytut Geofizyki PAN ; Springer
• Czasopismo: Acta Geophysica
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: Vol. 55, no. 1
• Strony: 11--22

Twórcy

autor

Majewski W.

• Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, ul. Podleśna 61, 01-673 Warszawa, Poland,

Bibliografia

• Henderson, F.M., 1966, Open Channel Flow, The Macmillan Company, New York
• Majewski, W., 1984, Backwater profiles on hydroelectric reservoir with ice cover, vol. 1, IAHR Ice Symposium, Hamburg.
• Majewski, W., 1987, Influence of ice cover on the characteristics of run-of-river reservoirs on lowland rivers on the example of Włocławek Reservoir (in Polish), Institute of Hydro-Engineering, Gdańsk.
• Majewski, W., 2003, Determination of roughness coefficient of the underside of ice cover, Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics 3.