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Abstrakty
An essential component of the ionosphere is a small-scale electron density structure that causes scintillation of radio waves on transionospheric links. We briefly review the morphology of irregularities and physical mechanisms of their formation. Results of the scintillation theory relating statistical characteristics of irregularities and scintillation are also outlined. Examples of the scintillation effect on the system performance are given. Finally, we will present recent attempts to model the scintillation.
Słowa kluczowe
Wydawca
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
237--249
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 34 poz.
Twórcy
autor
- Space Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Bartycka 18a, 00-716 Warszawa
autor
- Instituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143 Rome, Italy
autor
- Instituto de Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara" (CNR), Via Panciatichi 64, 50127 Florence, Italy
Bibliografia
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- 2. Aarons, J., 1993, The longitudinal morphology of equatorial F-layer irregularities relevant to their occurrence, Space Sci. Rev. 63, 209-243.
- 3. Alfonsi, L., M. Materassi and A.W. Wernik, 2003, Distribution of scintillation parameters calculated from in situ data - preliminary results, Proceedings of "Atmospheric Remote Sensing using Satellite Navigation Systems", Special Symposium of the URSI Joint Working Group FG, Matera, October 2003.
- 4. Basu, S., and S. Basu, 1985, Equatorial scintillations: Advances since 1SEA-6, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 47, 753-768.
- 5. Basu, S., and S. Basu, 1993, Ionospheric structures and scintillation spectra. In: V.I. Tatarski, A. Ishimaru and V.U. Zavorotny (eds.), "Wave Propagation in Random Media (Scintillation)", pp. 139-153, The International Society for Optical Engineering, Bellingham, WA, USA.
- 6. Basu, S., K.M. Groves, Su. Basu and P.J. Sultan, 2002, Specification and forecasting of scintillations in communication/navigation links: current status and future plans, J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 64, 1745-1754.
- 7. Bhattacharyya, A., K.C. Yeh and S J. Franke, 1992, Deducting turbulence parameters form transiono-spheric scintillation measurements, Space Sci. Rev. 61, 335-386.
- 8. Booker, H.G., J.A. Ratcliffe and D.H. Shinn, 1950, Diffraction from an irregular screen with application to ionospheric problems, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. A. 242, 5
- 9. Fejer, B.G., 1996, Natural ionospheric plasma waves. In: H. Kohl, R. Riister and K. Schlegel (eds.), "Modern Ionospheric Science", pp. 216-273, European Geophysical Society Katlenburg-Lindau, FRG.
- 10. Fremouw, EJ., and J.A. Secan, 1984, Modelling and scientific application of scintillation/results, Radio Sci. 19, 687-694.
- 11. Fremouw, EJ., R.C. Livingston and D.A. Miller, 1980, On statistics of scintillating signals, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 42, 717-731.
- 12. Groves, K.M., S. Basu, EJ. Weber, M. Smitham, H. Kuenzler, C.E. Valladares, R. Sheehan, E. Mackenzie, J.A. Secan, P. Ning, W J. McNeill, D.W. Moonan and MJ. Kendra, 1997, Equatorial scintillation and systems support, Radio Sci. 32, 2047-2064.
- 13. Heppner, J.P., M.C. Liebrecht, N.C. Maynard and R. F. Pfaff, 1993, High-latitude distributions of plasma waves and spatial irregularities from DE 2 alternating current electric fleld observations, J. Geophys. Res. 98, 1629-1652.
- 14. Hewish, A., 1951, The diffraction of radio waves in passing through a phase-changing ionosphere, Proc. Roy. Soc. A. 209, 81.
- 15. Huba, J.D., 1989, Theoretical and simulation methods applied to high latitude, F region turbulence. In: C.H. Liu (ed.), "World lonosphere/Thermosphere Study", WITS Handbook, vol. 2, pp. 399-428, SCOSTEP Secretariat, Boulder, CO.
- 16. Kelley, M.C., 1989, The Earth Ionosphere, Academic Press, London.
- 17. Keskinen, M J., and S.L. Ossakow, 1983, Theories of high-latitude irregularities: A review, Radio Sci. 18, 1077-1092.
- 18. Kintner, P.M., and C.E. Seyler, 1985, The status of observations and theory of high latitude ionospheric and magnetospheric plasma turbulence, Space Sci. Rev. 41, 91-129.
- 19. Knepp, D. L., 1983, Multiple phase-screen calculation of the temporal behavior of stochastic waves, Proc. IEEE 71, 722-737.
- 20. Ratcliffe, J.A., 1956, Some aspects of diffraction theory and their application to the ionosphere, Rep. Progr. Phys. 19, 188-267.
- 21. Rino, C.L., 1979, A power law phase screen model for ionospheric scintillation, 2, Strong scatter, Radio Sci. 14, 1147-1155.
- 22. Rino, C.L., 1980, Numerical computations for a one-dimensional power law phase screen, Radio Sci. 15, 41-47.
- 23. Rino, C.L., 1982, On the application of phase screen models to the interpretation of ionospheric scintillation data, Radio Sci. 17, 855-867.
- 24. Rino, C.L., and EJ. Fremouw, 1977, The angle dependence of singly scattered waveflelds, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 39, 859-868.
- 25. Secan, J.R., R.M. Bussey, EJ. Fremouw and S. Basu, 1995, Ań improved model of equatorial scintillation, Radio Sci. 30, 607-617.
- 26. Secan, J.R., R.M. Bussey and EJ. Fremouw, 1997, High-latitude upgrade to the Wideband ionospheric scintillation model, Radio Sci. 32, 1567-1574.
- 27. Tatarski, V.I., 1971, The effects of the turbulent atmosphere on wave propagation, Natl. Tech. Inform. Serv., Springfield, VA.
- 28. Tsunoda, R.T., 1988, High latitude F region irregularities: A review and synthesis, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 26, 719-760.
- 29. Wernik, A. W., C.H. Liu and K.C. Yeh, 1980, Model computation of radio wave scintillation caused by equatorial ionospheric bubbles, Radio Sci. 15, 559-572.
- 30. Wernik, A.W., 1997, Wavelet transform of non stationary ionospheric scintillation, Acta Geophys. Pol. 45,237-253.
- 31. Wernik, A.W., J.A. Secan and EJ. Fremouw, 2003, Ionospheric irregularities and scintillation, Adv. Space Res. 31,4, 971-981.
- 32. Yeh, K.C., and C.H. Liu, 1979, Ionospheric effects on radio communication and ranging pulses, IEEE Trans. Antennas and Prop. AP-27, 747-751.
- 33. Yeh, K.C., and C.H. Liu, 1982, Radio wave scintillations in the ionosphere, Proc. IEEE 70, 324-360.
- 34. Yeh, K.C., and A.W. Wernik, 1993, On ionospheric scintillation. In: V.I. Tatarski, A. Ishimaru and V.U. Zavorotny (eds.), "Wave Propagation in Random Media (Scintillation)", pp. 34-49, The International Society for Optical Engineering, Bellingham, WA, USA.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BSL7-0008-0008