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The optical methods in experimental investigations of the machine
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
W artykule przedstawiono możliwości zastosowań szeregu metod eksperymentalnych do analizy stanu przemieszczeń, odkształceń i naprężeń w badaniach elementów maszyn oraz w biomechanice. Opisano zastosowania takich metod jak: elastooptyka, interferometria holograficzna, fotografia plamkowa, elektroniczna interferometria plamkowa. Badania eksperymentalne prowadzone były na obiektach rzeczywistych oraz ich modelach.
This paper presents different konds of experimental methods, which are often used in the structure of machine and biomechanics. The series of methods like photoelasticity, holographic interferometry, speckle photography method and ESPI enable make an analysis of deformations, strain and stress distributions. The real objects and models were used in the experimental investigation. Modern analytical and numerical methods, which have been introduced into mechanics in recent years, make it possible to solve highly complex problems encountered in the assesments of the strenght and reliability of bone structues and implants. But they usually require experimentalyly determined boundary conditions or courses of the involved phenomena. An experimental analysis of machine, which includes empirical activities aimed at determining throught experimentation (experiments, measurements) the relationship between the quantities that characterise a given object or process, can be divided into three basic stages: the design of an experiment, the realisation of the experiment and the analysis of obtained results. Depending on the goal of an investigation, e.g. the validation of hypotheses, assumptions or mathematical models or the identification of a model of an investigated object, the particular stage of an experiment are subject to modification. The following stages can be distinguished in identificaton: modelling, an experiment are subject to modification. The following stages can be distinguished in identification: modelling, an experiment, the estimation of parameters and the validation of the model. The analysis of the effort of structural components by calculation methods often encounters serious difficulties. The complicated shape, determined chiefly by the constraints imposed by the functions theses components have to fulfil, and the complex state of mechanical loads and purely thermal loads are the reasons why results of calculations should be verified through experiments. Assuming, besides the strenght criterion, that the structure should be characterized specified deformability which would ensure the proper collaboration of its members, the use of experimental methods taht make it possible to identify the state of effort and the state of strains acquires special importance. One should bear it in mind taht many important practical problems could be solved only through experiments. Structural component's strenght and deformability problems can be systematisedaccording to different criteria. One such attempt in the area of problems associated with the analysis of the structure's effort through experiments, particulary ones involving optical methods, is presented below.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
134--138
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 12 poz.
Twórcy
autor
- Instytut Konstrukcji i Eksploatacji Maszyn, Politechnika Wrocławska
Bibliografia
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BSL7-0007-0085
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