Bedform effect on the reorganization of surface and subsurface grain size distribution in gravel bedded channels

• Autorzy: Singh A. , Guala M. , Lanzoni S. , Foufoula-Georgiou E.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Quantification of river bedform variability and complexity is important for sediment transport modeling as well as for characterization of river morphology. Alluvial bedforms are shown to exhibit highly nonlinear dynamics across a range of scales, affect local bed roughness, and vary with local hydraulic, hydrologic, and geomorphic properties. This paper examines sediment sorting on the crest and trough of gravel bedforms and relates it to bed elevation statistics. The data analysed here are the spatial and temporal series of bed elevation, grain size distribution of surface and subsurface bed materials, and sediment transport rates from flume experiments. We describe surface topography through bedform variability in height and wavelength and multiscale analysis of bed elevations as a function of discharge. We further relate bedform migration to preferential distribution of coarse and fine sediments on the troughs and crests, respectively, measuring directly surface and subsurface grain size distributions, and indirectly the small scale roughness variations as estimated from high resolution topographic scans.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

bed forms; roughness; grain sorting; power spectral density; sediment transport

• Wydawca: Instytut Geofizyki PAN ; Springer
• Czasopismo: Acta Geophysica
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: Vol. 60, no. 6
• Strony: 1607--1638
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 42 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Singh A.

autor

Guala M.

autor

Lanzoni S.

autor

Foufoula-Georgiou E.

• St. Anthony Falls Laboratory and National Center for Earth-surface Dynamics, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA,

Bibliografia

• Aberle, J., and V. Nikora (2006), Statistical properties of armored gravel bed surfaces, Water Resour. Res. 42, W11414, DOI: 10.1029/2005WR004674.
• ASCE Task Committee on Flow and Transport over Dunes (2002), Flow and transport over dunes, J. Hydraul. Eng. ASCE 128, 8, 726-728, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2002)128:8(726).
• Best, J. (2005), The fluid dynamics of river dunes: A review and some future research directions, J. Geophys. Res. 110, F04S02, DOI: 10.1029/2004JF000218.
• Blom, A. (2008), Different approaches to handling vertical and streamwise sorting in modeling river morphodynamics, Water Resour. Res. 44, W03415, DOI: 10.1029/2006WR005474.
• Blom, A., and G. Parker (2004), Vertical sorting and the morphodynamics of bed form-dominated rivers: A modeling framework, J. Geophys. Res. 109, F02007, DOI: 10.1029/2003JF000069.
• Blom, A., J.S. Ribberink, and H.J. de Vriend (2003), Vertical sorting in bed forms: Flume experiments with a natural and a trimodal sediment mixture, Water Resour. Res. 39, 2, 1025, DOI: 10.1029/2001WR001088.
• Blom, A., J.S. Ribberink, and G. Parker (2008), Vertical sorting and the morphodynamics of bed form-dominated rivers: A sorting evolution model, J. Geophys. Res. 113, F01019, DOI: 10.1029/2006JF000618.
• Buffington, J.M., and D.R. Montgomery (1997), A systematic analysis of eight decades of incipient motion studies, with special reference to gravel-bedded rivers, Water Resour. Res. 33, 8, 1993-2029.
• Buffington, J.M., and D.R. Montgomery (1999), Effects of hydraulic roughness on surface textures of gravel-bed rivers, Water Resour. Res. 35, 11, 3507-3521, DOI: 10.1029/1999WR900138.
• Butler, J.B., S.N. Lane, and J.H. Chandler (2001), Characterization of the structure of river-bed gravels using two-dimensional fractal analysis, Math. Geol. 33, 3, 301-330, DOI: 10.1023/A:1007686206695.
• Castaing, B., Y. Gagne, and E.J. Hopfinger (1990), Velocity probability densityfunctions of high Reynolds number turbulence, Physica D 46, 2, 177-200, DOI: 10.1016/0167-2789(90)90035-N.
• Coleman, S.E., and B.W. Melville (1994), Bed-form development, J. Hydraul. Eng. ASCE 120, 5, 544-560, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1994)120:5(544).
• Coleman, S.E., V.I. Nikora, S.R. McLean, T.M. Clunie, T. Schlicke, and B.W. Melville (2006), Equilibrium hydrodynamics concept for developing dunes, Phys. Fluids 18, 10, 105104, DOI: 10.1063/1.2358332.
• Jerolmack, D., and D. Mohrig (2005), Interactions between bed forms: Topography, turbulence, and transport, J. Geophys. Res. 110, F02014, DOI: 10.1029/2004JF000126.
• Kleinhans, M.G., A.W.E. Wilbers, A. De Swaaf, and J.H. van den Berg (2002), Sediment supply-limited bedforms in sand-gravel bed rivers, J. Sediment. Res. 72, 5, 629-640, DOI: 10.1306/030702720629.
• Lanzoni, S. (2000), Experiments on bar formation in a straight flume: 2. Graded sediment, Water Resour. Res. 36, 11, 3351-3363, DOI: 10.1029/2000WR900161.
• Lanzoni, S., and M. Tubino (1999), Grain sorting and bar instability, J. Fluid Mech. 393, 149-174, DOI: 10.1017/S0022112099005583.
• Leclair, S.F. (2002), Preservation of cross-strata due to the migration of subaqueous dunes: An experimental investigation, Sedimentology 49, 6, 1157-1180, DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3091.2002.00482.x.
• McElroy, B., and D. Mohrig (2009), Nature of deformation of sandy bed forms, J. Geophys. Res. 114, F00A04, DOI: 10.1029/2008JF001220.
• Nelson, J.M., S.R. McLean, and S.R. Wolfe (1993), Mean flow and turbulence fields over two-dimensional bed forms, Water Resour. Res. 29, 12, 3935-3953, DOI: 10.1029/93WR01932.
• Nelson, J.M., R.L. Shreve, S.R. McLean, and T.G. Drake (1995), Role of near-bed turbulence structure in bed load transport and bed form mechanics, Water Resour. Res. 31, 8, 2071-2086, DOI: 10.1029/95WR00976.
• Nikora, V., and J. Walsh (2004), Water-worked gravel surfaces: High-order structure functions at the particle scale, Water Resour. Res. 40, W12601, DOI: 10.1029/2004WR003346.
• Nikora, V.I., D.G. Goring, and B.J.F. Biggs (1998), On gravel-bed roughness characterization, Water Resour. Res. 34, 3, 517-527, DOI: 10.1029/97WR02886.
• Nordin, C.F., Jr. (1971), Statistical properties of dune profiles, Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 562, F, 1-41.
• Paola, C., and L. Borgman (1991), Reconstructing random topography from preserved stratification, Sedimentology 38, 4, 553-565, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1991.tb01008.x.
• Powell, D.M. (1998), Patterns and processes of sediment sorting in gravel-bed rivers, Progr. Phys. Geogr. 22, 1, 1-32, DOI: 10.1177/030913339802200101.
• Schmeeckle, M.W., and J.M. Nelson (2003), Direct simulation of bedload transport using a local, dynamic boundary condition, Sedimentology 50, 2, 279-301, DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3091.2003.00555.x.
• Simons, D.B., E.V. Richardson, and C.F. Nordin Jr. (1965), Bedload equation for ripples and dunes, Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 462, H, 1-9.
• Singh, A., and E. Foufoula-Georgiou (2012), On the interaction of bed topography, instantaneous shear stress and sediment flux in an experimental channel, In: J. Venditti, J. Best, M. Church, and R. Hardy (eds.) Coherent Flow Structures in Geophysical Flows at Earth’s Surface, Wiley-Blackwell (in print).
• Singh, A., K. Fienberg, D.J. Jerolmack, J. Marr, and E. Foufoula-Georgiou (2009), Experimental evidence for statistical scaling and intermittency in sediment transport rates, J. Geophys. Res. 114, F01025, DOI: 10.1029/2007JF000963.
• Singh, A., F. Porté-Agel, and E. Foufoula-Georgiou (2010), On the influence of gravel bed dynamics on velocity power spectra, Water Resour. Res. 46, W04509, DOI: 10.1029/2009WR008190.
• Singh, A., S. Lanzoni, P.R. Wilcock, and E. Foufoula-Georgiou (2011), Multiscale statistical characterization of migrating bed forms in gravel and sand bed rivers, Water Resour. Res.47, W12526, DOI: 10.1029/2010WR010122.
• Singh, A., E. Foufoula-Georgiou, F. Porte-Agel, and P.R. Wilcock (2012a), Coupled dynamics of the co-evolution of gravel bed topography, flow turbulence and sediment transport in an experimental channel, J. Geophys. Res., DOI: 10.1029/2011JF002323 (in print).
• Singh, A., J.A. Czuba, J. Marr, C. Hill, S. Johnson, C. Ellis, J. Mullin, C.H. Orr, P.R. Wilcock, M. Hondzo, C. Paola, and E. Foufoula-Georgiou (2012b), StreamLab experiments and research synthesis, Water Resour. Res., DOI: 10:1029/2012WR012124 (in print).
• Sumer, B.M., L.H.C. Chua, N.-S. Cheng, and J. Fredsøe (2003), Influence of turbulence on bed load sediment transport, J. Hydraul. Eng. ASCE 129, 8, 585-596, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2003)129:8(585).
• van der Mark, C.F., A. Blom, and S.J.M.H. Hulscher (2008), Quantification of variability in bedform geometry, J. Geophys. Res. 113, F03020, DOI: 10.1029/2007JF000940.
• Venditti, J.G. (2007), Turbulent flow and drag over fixed two- and threedimensional dunes, Water Resour. Res. 112, F04008, DOI: 10.1029/2006JF000650.
• Venditti, J.G., M.A. Church, and S.J. Bennett (2005), Morphodynamics of smallscale superimposed sand waves over migrating dune bed forms, Water Resour. Res. 41, W10423, DOI: 10.1029/2004WR003461.
• Venugopal, V., S.G. Roux, E. Foufoula-Georgiou, and A. Arneodo (2006), Revisiting multifractality of high-resolution temporal rainfall using a waveletbased formalism, Water Resour. Res. 42, W06D14, DOI: 10.1029/2005WR004489.
• Wiberg, P.L., and J.M. Nelson (1992), Unidirectional flow over asymmetric and symmetric ripples, J. Geophys. Res. 97, C8, 12745-12761, DOI: 10.1029/92JC01228.
• Wilcock, P.R. (1998), Two-fraction model of initial sediment motion in gravel-bed rivers, Science 280, 5362, 410-412, DOI: 10.1126/science.280.5362.410.
• Yarnell, S.M., J.F. Mount, and E.W. Larsen (2006), The Influence of relative sediment supply on riverine habitat heterogeneity, Geomorphology 80, 310-324, DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.03.005.