Development of a damage model for rock materials under compressive and tensile stress fields

• Autorzy: Molladavoodi H. , Mortazavi A.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Opracowanie modelu zniszczeniowego materiałów skalnych pod działaniem pola naprężeń ściskających i rozciągających

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Wraz ze wzrostem głębokości i rozmiarów wyrobisk podziemnych, zasięg strefy zniszczenia wokół obiektów podziemnych rośnie, co stanowi poważny problem związany z projektowaniem działań wydobywczych i bezpieczeństwem. Główne przyczyny nieodwracalnych odkształceń to płyniecie plastyczne i proces niszczenia. Większość modeli elasto-plastycznych wykorzystywanych w analizie i projektowaniu obiektów podziemnych uwzględnia jedynie płyniecie plastyczne, a nie pełny proces niszczenia. Dla realistycznego modelowania procesów niszczenia skał należy uwzględnić także inne kluczowe zagadnienia: zmniejszenie sztywności, dylatacje, zmiękczenia, anizotropię skał, znaczne różnice w zachowaniu materiału skalnego pod wpływem obciążeń rozciągających i ściskających. Dlatego też niezbędne są dalsze prace nad modelowaniem procesów niszczenia dla ułatwienia projektowania obiektów podziemnych. W artykule tym przedstawiono krótko aspekty termodynamiczne oraz ogólne rozważania na temat materiałów o malejącej podatności. Następnie podano jasną i dokładną definicję funkcji odporności na zniszczenie wraz z regułami dotyczącymi twardnienia i zmiękczania materiałów. W definicji podatności na zniszczenie wielu autorów uwzględnia jedynie mikro-pęknięcia rozciągające (tryb 1). Ponieważ quasi-kruche materiały, przykładowo skały, ulegają degradacji pod wpływem mikro-spękań spowodowanych przez naprężenia ściskające ora ścinające (tryb 2), wprowadzono odpowiednio dodatnie i ujemne funkcje podatności. Zaproponowano dwa algorytmy do oceny uszkodzeń spowodowanych przez obciążenia rozciągające i ściskające. W końcowej części artykułu zaprezentowano algorytm obliczeniowy opracowanego modelu konstytutywnego.

EN

With increase in depth and size of underground openings, the extent of damage zone around these structures grows and becomes major safety and design issues. The dominant causes of irreversible deformations are plastic flow and damage process. Most of the existing elastic-plastic models employed in the analysis and design of underground structures only consider the plastic flow and not the full damage process. In order to realistically modeling the rock damage process, the important issues such as stiffness degradation, dilatation, softening, anisotropy, and significant differences in rock response under tensile and compressive loadings must be considered. Therefore, developments of realistic damage models are essential in the design process of underground structures. In this paper basic thermodynamic arguments and the general formulation of elastic - degrading material are outline. Then, a more clear and accurate definition of the damage resistance function and its hardening and softening law are established. In the definition of damage yield function, many authors considered only the tensile microcracking (mode 1). Since quasi brittle materials such as rock degrade under compressive and shear microcracking (mode 2), separate positive and negative yield functions are introduced. Accordingly, two different algorithms are proposed to evaluated the damage associated with compressive and tensile loadings. The computational algorithm and the developed constitutive models is presented and the end.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

niszczenie skał; model konstytutywny; mechanizm niszczenia; funkcja podatności na uszkodzenia; wyrobiska podziemne

EN

rock damage; constitutive model; damage mechanics; damage yield function; underground openings

• Wydawca: Instytut Mechaniki Górotworu PAN
• Czasopismo: Archives of Mining Sciences
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: Vol. 55, no 3
• Strony: 637--668
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 87 poz., rys., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Molladavoodi H.

autor

Mortazavi A.

• Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Teheran, Iran

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