Modelling of quenching process of medium-carbon steel

• Autorzy: Kulawik A. , Bokota A.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The paper refers to numerical modelling of the hardening process of steel C45. In the algorithm the heat transfer equation, equilibrium equations and macroscopic model of phase transformations, basis of CCT diagrams, are used. Coupling between basic phenomena of hardening process is considered, in particular the influence of latent heat on the fields of temperature, and also thermal, structural and plastic strains and transformation - induced plasticity in the model is taken into account as well. The method of calculating the phase transformation during heating applied by the authors uses data from the continuous heating diagram (CHT). The homogenization line of austenite determines the end of heating. The influence of austenisation temperature on the kinetics of transformations is taken into account. To calculate the increase of martensite content Koistinen-Marburger formula is used. Field of stresses and strains are obtained from solutions of finite element method equations of equilibrium in increment form.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

heat treatment; phase transformation; constitutive modelling; computational simulation; hardening process

PL

obróbka cieplna; przemiany fazowe; hartowanie

• Wydawca: Komisja Odlewnictwa Polskiej Akademii Nauk Oddział w Katowicach
• Czasopismo: Archives of Foundry Engineering
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: Vol. 10, iss. 1
• Strony: 83--88
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 17 poz., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Kulawik A.

autor

Bokota A.

• Institute of Computer and Information Sciences, Czestochowa University of Technology 42-200 Częstochowa, 73 Dąbrowskiego str., Poland,

Bibliografia

• [1] D.P. Koistinen, R.E. Marburger, A general equation prescribing the extent of the autenite-martensite transformation in pure iron-carbon alloys and plain carbon steels, Acta Mettalica, 7 (1959) 59-60.
• [2] Y.J. Lan, D.Z. Li, Y.Y. Li, Modeling austenite decomposition into ferrite at different cooling rate in low-carbon steel with cellular automaton method, Acta Materialia, 52 (2004) 1721–1729.
• [3] A. Kulawik , Numerical analysis of thermal and mechanical phenomena during hardening processes of the 45, PhD Thesis, Częstochowa (2005), (in Polish).
• [4] A. Bokota, A. Kulawik, Model and numerical analysis of hardening process phenomena for medium-carbon steel. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials, 52(2), (2007), 337-346.
• [5] E.P. Silva, P.M.C.L. Pacheco, M.A. Savi, On the thermo-mechanical coupling in austenite-martensite phase transformation related to the quenching process, International Journal of Solids and Structures, 41 (2004) 1139-1155.
• [6] M. Coret, A. Combescure, A mesomodel for the numerical simulation of the multiphasic behavior of materials under anisothermal loading (application to two low-carbon steels), International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 44 (2002) 1947-1963.
• [7] K.J. Lee, Characteristics of heat generation during transformation in carbon steels, Scripta Materialia, 40 (1999) 735–742.
• [8] J.L. Lee, J.K. Cheny, Y.T. Pan, K.C. Hsieh, Evaluation of transformation latent heat in C-Mn steels, ISIJ International, 39 (1999) 281-287.
• [9] M. Kleiber, Finite element method in nonlinear continuum mechanics, Warszawa-Poznań, (1985), (in Polish).
• [10] H.J.M. Geijselaers, Numerical simulation of stresses due to solid state transformations. The simulation of laser hardening, Proefschrift, (2003).
• [11] J. Orlich, A. Rose, P. Wiest, Atlas zur Wärmebehandlung von Stähle, III Zeit Temperatur Autenitisierung Schaubilder, Verlag Stahleisen MBH, Düsseldorf (1973).
• [12] M. Avrami, J. Chem. Phys. 7, 1103, (1939).
• [13] F. Wever, A. Rose, Atlas zur Wärmebehandlung von Stähle, Verlag Stahl Eisen MBH, Düsseldorf (1954).
• [14] F. Wever, A. Rose, Atlas zur Wärmebehandlung von Stähle, I Zeit Temperatur Umwandlungs Schaubilder, Verlag Stahl Eisen MBH, Düsseldorf (1961).
• [15] B. Chen, X.H. Peng, S.N. Nong, X.C. Liang, An incremental constitutive relationship incorporating phase transformation with the application to stress analysis, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 122 (2002) 208-212.
• [16] L. Taleb, N. Cavallo, F. Waeckel, Experimental analysis of transformation plasticity, International Journal of Plasticity, 17 (2001) 1-20.
• [17] C.H. Gür, A.E. Tekkaya, Numerical investigation of non-homogeneous plastic deformation in quenching process, Materials Science and Engineering, A319-321 (2001) 164–169.