Worldwide prospects for geothermal energy in the 21st century

• Autorzy: Fridleifsson I. B.
• Konferencja: The development trends of geoenergetics in Poland in the 21st century (25-27.09.1999 ; Kraków-Zakopane, Poland)
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Geothermal energy has been produced commercially for some 70 years, and on the scale of hundreds of MW for four decades both for electricity generation and direct use. The utilisation has increased rapidly during the last three decades, and during 1975-1995, the growth rate for electricity generation worldwide has been about 9% per annum and about 6% per annum for the direct use of geotherrnal energy. This is one of the highest growth rates for a single energy source over so long a period of time. In 1997, there were records of geotherrnal utilisation in 46 countries in the world. The electricity generated in these countries is about 44 TWh/a, and the direct use amounts to about 38 TWh/a. Assuming the worldwide annual growth rate to continue at 9%, the electricity production may reach 57 TWh in year 2000, 134 TWh in year 2010, and 318 TWh in year 2020. Assuming the annual growth rate for direct use to continue at 6%, the energy production may reach about 44 TWh in year 2000, 80 TWh in year 2010, and 140 TWh in year 2020. The application of the ground source heat pump opens a new dimension in the scope for using the earth's heat, as heat pumps can be used basically everywhere and are not site specific as conventional geothermal resources. Geothermal energy, with its proven technology and abundant resources, can make a very significant contribution towards reducing the emission of greenhouse gases worldwide. It is necessary, however, that governments implement a legal and institutional framework and fiscal instruments allowing geothermal resources to compete with conventional energy systems.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

geothermal energy; power industry; electric energy; electric energy production

PL

energia geotermalna; przemysł energetyczny; energia elektryczna; produkcja energii elektrycznej

• Wydawca: Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
• Czasopismo: Technika Poszukiwań Geologicznych
• Rocznik: 1999
• Tom: R. 38, nr 4-5
• Strony: 28--34
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 19 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Fridleifsson I. B.

• United Nations University Geothermal Training Programme, Orkustofnun, Grensasvegur 9, 108 Reykjavik, Iceland,