Grounding and extracting modal responses in cognitive agents: 'AND' query and states of incomplete knowledge

• Autorzy: Katarzyniak R. P. , Pieczyńska-Kuchtiak A.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

In this study an original way of modeling language grounding and generation for a simple set of language responses is presented. It is assumed that the language is used by a cognitive agent and consists of a few modal belief and possibility formulas that are used by this agent to communicate its opinions on the current state of an object. The cognitive agent is asked a simple AND query and the language is tailored to this situation. The agent's knowledge bases are characterized by certain incompleteness of information on the current state of objects. The language of the available responses is originally grounded in the agent's previous empirical experience. According to the assumptions of the cognitive linguistics and the phenomenology of knowledge, this experience is the basic source of meaning represented by the available formulas (responses). In the study the idea of an epistemic satisfaction relation is introduced that describes states of the agent's knowledge in which particular formulas are satisfied in the epistemic sense. Additionally, a formal description of the semantic power of formulas is presented. The concepts of the empirical satisfaction relation and the semantic power of formulas are used to define a model of particular language behavior that preserves the assumption of language grounding. Two examples of possible implementations are given. These implementations are basic ones and refer to statistical characteristics of the stored empirical experience of the cognitive agent.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

cognitive agent; semantic communication; language grounding

PL

czynnik poznawczy; komunikacja semantyczna; język programowania

• Wydawca: Oficyna Wydawnicza Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego
• Czasopismo: International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
• Rocznik: 2004
• Tom: Vol. 14, no 2
• Strony: 249--263
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 26 poz., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Katarzyniak R. P.

• Institute of Control and Systems Engineering, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50–250 Wrocław, Poland

autor

Pieczyńska-Kuchtiak A.

• Institute of Control and Systems Engineering, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50–250 Wrocław, Poland

Bibliografia

• [1] Ajdukiewicz K (1956): Conditional clause and material implication. — Studia Logica, No. 4, pp. 117–134, (in Polish).
• [2] Brentano F. (1924): Psychologie vom Empirischen Standpunkt. — Leipzig: Meiner.
• [3] Cohen P.R. and Levesque H.J. (1990): Intention is choice with commitment. — Artif. Intell., Vol. 42, No. 2–3, pp. 213–269.
• [4] Daniłowicz C. and Nguyen T. N. (1988): Consensus based partitions in the space of ordered partitions.—Pattern Recogn., Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 269–273.
• [5] Denett D.C. (1996): Kinds of Minds.—New York: Basic Books.
• [6] Eco U. (1991): La Struttura Assente.—Milano: Tascabili Bompiani.
• [7] Fauconnier G. (1997): Mappings in Thought and Language. — Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• [8] Halpern J. and Moses Y. (1992): A guide to completeness and complexity for modal logics of knowledge and belief. — Artif. Intell., Vol. 54, No. 3, pp. 319–379.
• [9] Harnad S. (1990): The symbol grounding problem. — Physica D, Vol. 42, No. 1–3, pp. 335–346.
• [10] Hunter G. (1971): Metalogic. An Introduction to the Metatheory of Standard First Order Logic. — Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press.
• [11] Husserl E. (1913): Logische Untersuchungen, Zweiter Band— Untersuchungen zur Phänomenologie und Theorie der Erkenntnis. I Teil. — Halle a.d. Saale: Max Niemeyer Verlag.
• [12] Husserl E. (1921): Logische Untersuchungen, Zweiter Band— Elemente einer phänomenologischen Aufklärung der Erkenntnis. II Teil. — Halle a.d. Saale: Max Niemeyer Verlag.
• [13] Johnson-Laird P.N. (1983): Mental Models. Toward a Cognitive Science of Language, Inference, and Consciousness. —Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• [14] Katarzyniak R. (2000): Intentional models and BDI theories. An inquiry into a relation of modelling autonomous processes for possible worlds constructions. — Proc. Int. ICSC Congress Int. Syst. Applicns., ISA’2000, Wollongong, Australia, pp. 885–891.
• [15] Katarzyniak R. (2001a): A conceptual model for extracting implications from data bases in believable agents. — Proc. 14-th Int. Conf. Syst. Sci., Wrocław, Poland, Vol. 2, pp. 382–389.
• [16] Katarzyniak R. (2001b): A model for extracting a class of knowledge operators, logic disjunctions and logic alternatives from BDI agents. — Proc. 10-th Symp. Intelligent Information Systems, IIS’01, Zakopane, Poland, pp. 257–269.
• [17] Katarzyniak R. (2002): Grounding atom formulas and simple modalities in communicative agents. — Proc. 21-st IASTED Int. Conf. Applied Informatics, AI’03, Innsbruck, Austria, pp. 388–392.
• [18] Katarzyniak R. and Nguyen N.T. (2000): Reconciling inconsistent profiles of agents’ knowledge states in distributed multiagent systems using consensus methods.—Syst. Sci., Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 93–119.
• [19] Katarzyniak R. and Pieczyńska-Kuchtiak A. (2002): A consensus based algorithm for grounding belief formulas in internally stored perceptions. — Neural Network World, Vol. 5/02, No.12, pp. 461–522.
• [20] Katarzyniak R. and Pieczyńska-Kuchtiak A. (2003): Distance measure between cognitive agent’s stored perceptions. — Proc. 22-nd IASTED Int. Conf. Modelling, Information, and Control, MIC’03, Innsbruck, Austria, pp. 517–522.
• [21] Kripke S. (1963): Semantical analysis of modal logic I: Normal modal propositional calculi.—Zeitschrift für Math. Logik und Grundlagen der Math., Vol. 9, pp. 67–96.
• [22] Lakoff G. and Johnson M. (1999): Philosophy in the Flesh: The Embodied Mind and Its Challenge to Western Thought. — New York: Basic Books.
• [23] Lindern van B., Hoek van der W. and Meyer J.-J.Ch. (1998): Formalising abilities and opportunities of Agents. — Fundamenta Informatica, Vol. 34, No. 1–2, pp. 53–101.
• [24] Newell A. (1990): The Unified Theories of Cognition. — Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
• [25] Shannon C.E. (1948): A mathematical theory of communication. —Bell Syst. Techn. J., Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 379–423.
• [26] Tarski A. (1935): Der Warheitsbegriff in den formalisierten Sprachen. — Studia Philosophica, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 261–405.