Możliwości zastosowania kompostu z odpadów do usuwania węglowodorów alifatycznych C6-C9 z roztworu

• Autorzy: Ciesielczuk T. , Karwaczyńska U. , Rosik-Dulewska C.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Possibilities of application of compost from waste for remove c6-c9 aliphatic hydrocarbons from solution

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Badane właściwości sorpcyjne kompostu MD i sorbentów do-stępnych komercyjnie (SO oraz MI) są zróżnicowane. Na podstawie uzyskanych rezultatów najlepszymi własnościami charakteryzuje się sorbent SO przeznaczony do sorpcji zanieczyszczeń ropopochodnych z powierzchni wody. Jego własności hydrofobowe predestynują go do tego rodzaju zastosowania, jednak jak wykazano jest również skuteczny w przypadku sorpcji badanych alkanów rozpuszczonych i pozostających w fazie zawieszonej w roztworze wodnym. Jednak z uwagi na to iż produkowany jest z surowców nieodnawialnych jego zastosowanie powinno być kontrolowane. Najsłabsze własności sorpcyjne wykazywał sorbent mineralny MI. Po czasie kontaktu wynoszącym 4 godziny usunął 73,3% mieszaniny węglowodorów z roztworu. Masa sorbowanych związków spadała w szeregu heksan > heptan > oktan > nonan. Badane sorbenty w znacznym stopniu powodowały spadek stężeń węglowodorów alifa-tycznych rozpuszczonych w wodzie, co może stanowić o ich wykorzy-staniu jako środków ograniczających skutki przedostawania się zanieczyszczeń ropopochodnych do środowiska naturalnego. Dodatkowym atutem przemawiającym za stosowaniem badanego kompostu MD jako sorbentu, jest niska cena oraz poprzez generowanie popytu na kompost, ograniczanie ilości biodegradowalnej frakcji odpadów komunalnych trafiającej na składowiska.

EN

Sorption of petroleum products (mostly liquid fuels) is the basic process that counteracts to the spreading of this type of pollution in the natural envi-ronment. Composts from wastes are currently being used as biofilters which eliminate organic compounds (mainly odors) from the air stream. The present study investigates the possibility of using compost, produced from mixed mu-nicipal waste, as sorbent for the absorption of aliphatic hydrocarbons C6-C9 from aqueous solution, and its features are compared to commercially available mineral and organic sorbents. Analysis of the basic parameters of the tested materials, showed high content of the organic matter (99%) in the sorbent SO and high share of small fraction particles in this material. The combination of these two features, constitutes its large sorption capacity. Mineral sorbent (MI) with low organic matter content (below 1%) is also applied in practice to absorb petroleum products, however, only from solid surfaces. In this study the sorption of the following aliphatic hydrocarbons: hexane, heptane, octane and non-ane by 'batch' method was investigated. The study was conducted at room temperature and distilled water prior to experiments was used to prepare the solu-tions of tested compounds. The concentrations of hydrocarbons dissolved in water in real conditions, can be much higher due to coexistence of a detergent-like compounds, but in this work compounds that increase the solubility of in-vestigated alkanes in water were not used. However, it is necessary to state that the concentrations of tested compounds, noted in aqueous solution, exceeds the solubility level of these compounds in water. This indicates their presence in water not only in a soluble form but also as a suspension. In the study the ratio of sorbent to solution was 1:10. The concentrations of tested aliphatic were determined in the aqueous phase after 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 minutes. The obtained samples were filtered through glass filter and then extracted by shaking with dichloromethane. The eluatewas dried and then tested, aliphatic hydrocarbons were determined by GC-FID method. The conducted experiments showed strong absorption of studied organic pollutants from aqueous solution. Tests showed the best sorption properties of absorbing SO sorbent, which after 240 minutes sorbed 95.1% of organic compounds, and then compost MD (with 92.6% sorption efficiency). The worst sorption properties has sorbent MI - ob-tained results showed only 73.3% elimination of a mixture of aliphatic com-pounds from solution. Mass of sorbed compounds declined in the following order: hexane> heptane> octane> nonane. Tested sorbents, lead to a significant decrease of aliphatic hydrocarbons concentrations present in suspended and dissolved phase in water. It creates the real possibility of using them as a materials for limiting the effects of spreading oil products in the environment. Using compost for the absorption of fuel could be an opportunity to use compost which was eliminated while being used as fertilizer eg. due to its contamination by heavy metals.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

węglowodory alifatyczne; kompost z odpadów; roztwór

EN

aliphatic hydrocarbons; compost from waste; solution

• Wydawca: Politechnika Koszalińska
• Czasopismo: Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: Tom 13
• Strony: 1301--1313
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 21 poz., tab., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Ciesielczuk T.

autor

Karwaczyńska U.

autor

Rosik-Dulewska C.

• Uniwersytet Opolski

Bibliografia

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