Produkcja metanu wskaźnikiem oceny biodegradowalności substratów w procesie fermentacji metanowej

• Autorzy: Myszograj S.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Biochemical methane potential as indicator of biodegradability of organic matter in anaerobic digestion process

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Fermentacja jest beztlenowym biologicznym procesem rozkładu (mineralizacji) złożonych wysokocząsteczkowych substancji organicznych. Technologia ta jest stosowana do stabilizacji osadów ściekowych i biofrakcji odpadów organicznych. Substraty poddawane fermentacji metanowej charakteryzują się różnymi właściwościami. Ogólnie można je podzielić na dwie zasadnicze grupy: substraty z dużą zawartością zawiesin organicznych oraz substraty zawierające głównie rozpuszczone i koloidalne związki organiczne (tabela 1) [2]. Głównymi produktami procesu jest przefermentowana biomasa oraz biogaz.

EN

Anaerobic digestion is used for stabilization of sewage sludge and biofraction of organic wastes. In spite of general applying of fermentation technology in the practice, projecting, working and the control of anaerobic processes usually is based on empirical indicators. The biodegradability of the organic matter is often estimated by the biochemical methane potential, the participation of methane in biogas and reduction of the organic mass. In this paper the biodegradability ratio of sewage sludge and biofraction of municipal wastes on anaerobic digestion were compared, on the basis of the biochemical methane potential (BMP). The efficiency of the production of bio-gas (methane) from sewage sludge and biofraction of municipal wastes depends on the chemical composition of these substrates, particularly on the content of organic carbon. Digestion of sewage sludge after 20 days resulted in BMP of 302.5 dm3/g VSS added. The participation of methane in the biogas was the lowest on beginning of process (51.3%) and increased while duration of fermentation to 72.0%. The production of biogas from the biofraction of municipal wastes in the end of the process was 367.6 dm3/g VSS. The participation of methane in the biogas on the beginning of the process was 51.3% and increased with duration of fermentation to 62.8%. The coefficient of the anaerobic bio-degradation of substrates (BD) determined on the basis of the maximum production of methane and COD value of substrates received 41.1% VSS for sew-age sludge and 38.5%VSS for municipal wastes.The values of hydrolysis rate kh for these substrates were also deter-mined. First order specific hydrolysis rate constant for sewage sludge decreased from 0.203 d-1 in third day of process to 0.179 d-1 in twentieth day of the digestion. This are typical values for the sewage sludge. Decrease of the parameter k value during anaerobic digestion proves graded reduction of accessibility of substrates for microorganisms. First order specific hydrolysis rate constant for waste in range from 0.077 d-1 to 0.137 d-1 is characteristic for biowaste. The growth of the parameter k value with the time of the process duration results from graded solubilisation and hydrolysis of the solid fraction of wastes. Fractional size of substrates has a significant influence on obtained stage of the biodegradation, beside the chemical characteristic. The size of solid particles decides about the speed of the hydrolysis of organic fraction and the accessibility of organic compounds for microorganisms.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

fermentacja metanowa; biodegradowalność substratów; produkcja metanu

EN

methane fermentation; biodegradable substrates; methane production

• Wydawca: Politechnika Koszalińska
• Czasopismo: Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: Tom 13
• Strony: 1245--1259
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 8 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Myszograj S.

• Uniwersytet Zielonogórski

Bibliografia

• 1. ADM1 (Anaerobic Digestion Model No1), Scientific and Technical Report No 13, IWA 2001.
• 2. Janosz-Rajczyk M.: Wybrane procesy jednostkowe w inżynierii środowiska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej, Częstochowa, 2004.
• 3. Vavilin V.A., Fernandez B., Palatsi J., Flotats X.: Hydrolysis kinetics in anaerobic degradation of particulate organic material: An overview. Waste Management, Vol. 28, 939÷951, 2008.
• 4. Vavilin V.A., Lokshina L.YA., Rytov S.V., Kotsyurbenko O.R.,Nozhevnikova A.N., Parshina S.N.: A description of hydrolysis ki-neticsin anaerobic degradation of particulate organic matter. Bioresource Technology, Vol. 56, 229÷237, 1996.
• 5. Mata-Alvarez J.: Biomethanization of the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes. IWA Publishing, Barcelona, 2002.
• 6. Sanchez E., Borja R., Weiland P., Travieso L., MartõÂn A.: Effect of temperature and pH on the kinetics of methane production, organic nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the batch anaerobic digestion process of cattle manure., Bioprocess Engineering 22 Springer-Verlag, 247÷252, 2000.
• 7. Veeken A., Hamelers B.: Effect of temperature on hydrolysis rates of se-lected biowaste components., Bioresource Technology 69, 249-254, 1999.
• 8. Jokela J.P.Y., Vavilin V.A., Rintala J.A.: Hydrolysis rates, methane production and nitrogen solubilisation of grey waste components during an-aerobic degradation., Bioresource Technology 96, 501÷508, 2005.