The use of renewable sources in city centres

• Autorzy: Gallo C.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Wykorzystanie odnawialnych źródeł energii w centrach miejskich

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

he Machu Pichu Charter of 1977 launched the idea of "cities and regions" being interdependent entities that tend to become one, "multifunctionality" rather than "zoning", "communication" as the key to human life, "architecture" as socially functional spaces to live in. However, above all it introduced the concept of "the quality of life and its integration with the natural environment... The impact of technological and mechanical developments have led to architecture often using artificial conditioning systems created to work with unnatural lighting and climates..." In other words, the basic principles of bio-climatic architecture are also used for work in city centres, whereby the architects who design the houses are expected to pay more attention to the microclimate and use local materials, rather than create identical buildings for all climates and latitudes using artificial conditioning/heating systems that cause pollution to ensure the comfort of indoor environments. The most cost-effective technological options for the civil sector to help reduce CO ₂ emissions between now and 2020 in accordance with the Kyoto Protocol are passive solar systems, thermal insulation for buildings, high-efficiency heating systems, etc. A large number of "historical" buildings comprise materials with a high level of thermal inertia, internal courtyards and staircases that provide natural ventilation, windows orientated in accordance with the direction of winds that prevail in that particular microclimate and comfortable outdoor spaces such as porticos, etc. A large number of buildings lead to teleheating which consequently leads to large savings in primary energy, especially when combined with the co-generation of heat and electricity. The need to use traditional materials, to be aware of the techniques used to create "historical" buildings and to respect historical and artistic materials requires particular expertise and training courses to create the specialists. Even if the quality of life in large cities is not the best, cities still remain centres of cultural, social and economic activities.

PL

Podstawowe zasady, na jakich opiera się architektura bioklimatyczna, mogą być wykorzystane do projektowania miejsc pracy w centrach miejskich. Od architektów oczekuje się działań zmierzających do zapewnieniu odpowiedniego mikroklimatu oraz wykorzystania lokalnych materiałów. Nie należy projektować budynków, które niczym by się nie różniły w różnych strefach klimatycznych i przy różnym położeniu i byłyby wyposażone w klimatyzację lub sztuczne systemy grzewcze, zapewniające komfort w ich wnętrzu. Takie urządzenia przyczyniają się do zwiększenia zanieczyszczenia środowiska. Najtańszym rozwiązaniem technologicznym, pozwalającym zmniejszyć emisję dwutlenku węgla w ciągu najbliższych dwudziestu lat, jest pasywny system słoneczny: "historyczne" budynki są zbudowane z materiałów o dużym stopniu bezwładności termicznej, mają wewnętrzne dziedzińce itp.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

renewable energy resources; environmental protection; sustainable development; climate change; heating systems

PL

odnawialne źródła energii; rozwój zrównoważony; ochrona środowiska; zmiana klimatu; architektura bioklimatyczna; systemy grzewcze; mikroklimat

• Wydawca: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
• Czasopismo: Environment Protection Engineering
• Rocznik: 2006
• Tom: Vol. 32, nr 1
• Strony: 10--15
• Opis fizyczny: bibliogr. 23 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Gallo C.

• Responsible Bioclimatic Architecture at ENEA, ENEA-UDA, Lungotevere Thaon de Revel 76, 00196 Rome, Italy; Lecturer on Environmental Psycology, University of Camerino, Faculty of Architecture, Camerino (Macerata), Italy

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