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An alternative to the Spindt-type cold cathodes are the layered ones made of composite materials. The classical example are nanostructured diamond and diamond-like carbon (DLC) layers which can be very good emitters. Nanostructured diamond and DLC layers are composed of two clearly distinguishable phases: the boundaries of the diamond nanocrystals or graphite in DLC are electrically conductive, while the bulk of the diamond is a dielectric. This overview deals with various composites made with several kinds of plasma spraying techniques and tested as the cold electron emitters. Following composites were made by the atmosphere plasma spraying (APS): Cr2O3 (additionally laser engraved and coated with Ti layer), Al2O3 + 13 wt% TiO2, Al2O3 + 40 wt% TiO2 and TiO2 (additionally laser engraved), Cr2C3-NiCr and Cr2C3-NiCrAlY. Deposited with the suspension plasma spray (SPS) were titania coatings. Layers of ZrB2 and ZnO + 3 wt% Al2O3 were deposited with controlled atmosphere plasma spray (CAPS). The parameters of these cathodes are comparable with DLC ones. One of the cathodes was successfully used in a prototype light source.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
341--350
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 25 poz.
Twórcy
autor
- Wrocław University of Technology, Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, Janiszewskiego 11/17, 50-372 Wrocław
Bibliografia
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- [9] FROLOV V.D., KARABUTOV A.V., PIMENOV S.M., KONOV V.I., Electronic properties of the emission sites of low-field emitting diamond films, Diamond and Related Materials 9(3–6), 2000, pp. 1196–1200.
- [10] JARZYŃSKA D., Mechanizm emisji elektronów z cienkich warstw diamentowych i diamentopodobnych osadzonych na podłożu krzemowym, PhD Thesis, Institute of Physics, Technical University of Łódź, Poland, 2007 (in Polish)
- [11] BONARD J.-M., KIND H., STÖCKLI T., NILSSON L.-O., Field emission from carbon nanotubes: The first five years, Solid-State Electronics 45(6), 2001, pp. 893–914.
- [12] BURDEN A.P., BISHOP H.E., BRIERLEY M., FRIDAY J.M., HOOD C., JONES P.G.A., KHAZOV A.Y., LEE W., RIGGS R.J., SHAW V.L., TUCK R.A., Field emitting inks for consumer-priced broad-area flat-panel displays, Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B 18(2), 2000, pp. 900–904.
- [13] JUNG J.E., JIN Y.W., CHOI J.H., PARK Y.J., KO T.Y., CHUNG D.S., KIM J.W., JANG J.E., CHA S.N.,YI W.K., CHO S.H., YOON M.J., LEE C.G., YOU J.H., LEE N.S., YOO J.B., KIM J.M., Fabrication of triode-type field emission displays with high-density carbon-nanotube emitter arrays, Physica B 323(1–4), 2002, pp. 71–77.
- [14] PAWLOWSKI L., The Science and Engineering of Thermal Spray Coating, John Wiley and Sons, 1995.
- [15] ZNAMIROWSKI Z., CZARCZYNSKI W., PAWLOWSKI L., LE MAGUER A., Field electron emission from laser the engraved surface, Vacuum 70(2–3), 2003, pp. 397–402.
- [16] ZNAMIROWSKI Z., PAWŁOWSKI L., CICHY T., CZARCZYŃSKI W., Low macroscopic field electron emission from surface of plasma sprayed and laser engraved TiO2 , Al2 O3+13TiO2 andAl2O3+40TiO2 coatings, Surface and Coatings Technology 187(1), 2004, pp. 37–46.
- [17] TOMASZEK R., PAWLOWSKI L., ZDANOWSKI J., GRIMBLOT J., LAUREYNS J., Microstructural transformations of TiO2, Al2 O3+13TiO2 and Al2 O3+40TiO2 at plasma spraying and laser engraving, Surface and Coatings Technology 185(2–3), 2004, pp. 137–149.
- [18] ZNAMIROWSKI Z., NITSCH K., PAWLOWSKI L., The electric charge transport in titania-alumina composite cold cathodes made with atmosphere plasma spraying and laser engraved, Proceedings of 21st International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference, July 13–17, 2008, Wrocław, Poland, Conference CD ROM, AT15.
- [19] TOMASZEK R., ZNAMIROWSKI Z., PAWŁOWSKI L., WOJNAKOWSKI A., Temperature behaviour of titania field emitters realized by suspension plasma spraying, Surface and Coatings Technology 201(5), 2006, pp. 2099–2102.
- [20] ZNAMIROWSKI Z., CZARCZYŃSKI W., PAWŁOWSKI L., WOJNAKOWSKI A., Temperature influence and hot electrons in field electron emission from composite layers deposited by air plasma spraying of powders and suspensions, Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B 25(5), 2007, pp. 1664–1670.
- [21] CZARCZYŃSKI W., ZNAMIROWSKI Z., Field electron emission experiments with plasma sprayed layers, Surface and Coatings Technology 202(18), 2008, pp. 4422–4427.
- [22] ZNAMIROWSKI Z., PAWLOWSKI L., TOMASZEK R., NYKIEL Z., JANSSEN J.P., CAMPANA F., Mechanical, corrosive and electron emission properties of chrome carbide composites obtained by air plasma and HVOF spraying, [In] Neue Materialien und Verfahren in der Beschichtungstechnik, Tagungsband zum 7. Werkstofftechnischen Kolloquium, 30 September und 1 Oktober, 2004, [Ed.] B. Wielage, Eigenverlag, Chemnitz, 2004, pp. 66–74.
- [23] TULUI M., RUFFINI F., AREZZO F., LASISZ S., ZNAMIROWSKI Z., PAWLOWSKI L., Some properties of atmospheric air and inert gas high-pressure plasma sprayed ZrB2 coatings, Surface and Coatings Technology 151–152, 2002, pp. 483–489.
- [24] ZNAMIROWSKI Z., LADACZEK M., Lighting segment with field electron titania cathode made using suspension plasma spraying, Surface and Coatings Technology 202(18), 2008, pp. 4449–4452.
- [25] PAWLOWSKI L., Finely grained nanometric and submicrometric coatings by thermal spraying: A review, Surface and Coatings Technology 202(18), 2008, pp. 4318–4328.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BPW7-0017-0008