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Laboratory testing of undisturbed soft clay samples to determine engineering design parameters

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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
This paper reviews laboratory methods for measuring the stress-strain-strength-flow behaviour of soft clays for determination of design parameters. It describes three levels of testing from simple classification tests to advanced testing for measurement of design parameters. The paper traces some of the major practical contributions of experimental research to our understanding of soft clay mechanical behaviour. Recommendations are given for implementation of these research results in practice with the goal of improving the engineering state-of-the-practice, which often lags well behind the research state-of-the-art. Significant advances in the understanding of clay behaviour have been realized in the past few decades including such issues as the influence of anisotropy, stress history, rate effects, and sample disturbance. Of these issues, sample disturbance remains by far the most difficult one to deal with in practice and in fact is often ignored. It is recommended that evaluation of sample disturbance be considered an essential aspect of any site characterization program.
Wydawca
Rocznik
Strony
23--37
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 27 poz.
Twórcy
autor
autor
  • Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
Bibliografia
  • [1] ANDRESEN A., KOLSTAD P., The NGI 54-mm Samplers for Undisturbed Sampling of Clays and Representative Sampling of Coarser Materials, Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Soil Sampling, Singapore, 1979, pp. 1-9.
  • [2] BALDI G., HlGHT D.W., THOMAS G.E., State-of-the-Art: A Reevaluation of Conventional Triaxial Test Methods, Advanced Triaxial Testing of Soil and Rock, ASTM STP 977, 1988, pp. 219-263.
  • [3] BALIGH M.M., AZZOUZ A.S., CHIN C.T., Disturbances Due to Ideal Tube Sampling, J. of Geotech. Eng., 1987, 113(7), pp. 739-757.
  • [4] BJERRUM L., Problems of Soil Mechanics and Construction on Soft Clays, Proc. of the 8th Int. Conf. on Soil Mech. and Found. Eng., Moscow, 1973, 3, pp. 111-159.
  • [5] BJERRUM L., LANDVA A., Direct Simple Shear Tests on Norwegian Quick Clay, Geotechnique, 1966, 16(1), pp. 1-20.
  • [6] CLAYTON C.R.I., SIDDIQUE A., HOPPER R.J., Effects of Sampler Design on Tube Sampling Disturbance - Numerical and Analytical Investigations. Geotechnique, 1998, 48(6), pp. 847-867.
  • [7] DEGROOT D.J., Laboratory Measurement and Interpretation of Soft Clay Mechanical Behavior, Soil Behavior and Soft Ground Construction, ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication, 2003, No. 119, pp. 167-200.
  • [8] DEGROOT D.J., LADD C.C., GERMAINE J.T., Direct Simple Shear Testing of Cohesive Soils, Research Report No. R92-18, Center for Scientific Excellence in Offshore Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, 1992, MA.
  • [9] DYVIK R., LACASSE S., MARTIN R., Coefficient of Lateral Stress from Oedometer Cell, Proc. 11th Int. Conf. on Soil Mech. and Foundation Eng., San Francisco, 1985, 2, pp. 1003-1006.
  • [10] GERMAINE J.T., LADD C.C., State-of-the-Art: Triaxial Testing of Saturated Cohesive Soils, Advanced Triaxial Testing of Soil and Rock, ASTM STP 977, ASTM, 1988, pp. 421-459.
  • [11] HVORSLEV M.J., Subsurface Exploration and Sampling of Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes, Waterways Experiment Station, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, 1949.
  • [12] JAMIOLKOWSKI M., LADD C.C., GERMAINE J.T., LANCELLOTTA R., New Developments in Field and Laboratory Testing of Soils, Proc. of the 11th Int. Conf. on Soil Mech. and Found. Eng., San Francisco, 1985, l,pp. 57-154.
  • [13] LACASSE S., BERRE T., State-of-the-Art: Triaxial Testing Methods for Soils, Advanced Triaxial Testing of Soil and Rock, ASTM STP 977, 1988, pp. 264-289.
  • [14] LADD C.C., Stability Evaluation During Stage Construction, J. of Geotech. Engng., 1991, 117(4), pp. 540-615.
  • [15] LADD C.C., DEGROOT D.J., Recommended practice for soft ground site charaterization: Arthur Casagrande Lecture, Proc. of the 12th Panamerican Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Geotech. Eng., MIT, 2003, Vol. l,pp. 3-57
  • [16] LADD C.C., EDGERS L., Consolidated-Undrained Direct Simple Shear Tests on Saturated Clays, Research Report R72-82, MIT, Cambridge, 1972, MA.
  • [17] LADD C.C., FOOTT R., New Design Procedure for Stability of Soft Clays, J. of the Geotech. Eng. Div., 1974, 100(GT7), pp. 763-786.
  • [18] LADD C.C., FOOTT R., ISHIHARA K., SCHLOSSER F., POULOS H.G., Stress-Deformation and Strength Characteristics: SOA Report, Proc. of the 9th Int. Conf. on Soil Mech. and Found. Eng., Tokyo, 1977, 2, pp. 421-494.
  • [19] LUNNE T., BERRE T., STRANDVIK S., Sample Disturbance Effects in Soft Low Plasticity Norwegian Clay, Proc. of Conf. on Recent Developments in Soil and Pavement Mechanics, Rio de Janeiro, 1997, pp. 81-102.
  • [20] MESRI G., Discussion of 'New Design Procedure for Stability of Soft Clays, J. of Geotech. Eng., 1975, 101(GT4), pp. 409-412.
  • [21] MESRI G., FENG T.W., Constant Rate of Strain Consolidation Testing of Soft Clays, Marsal Volume, Mexico City, 1992, pp. 49-59.
  • [22] MESRI G., KWAN LO D.O., FENG T.W., Settlement of Embankments on Soft Clays, Proc, Vertical and Horizontal Deformations of Foundations and Embankments, ASCE, 1994, Vol. 1, pp. 8-56.
  • [23] SAADA A.S., TOWNSEND F.C., State-of-the-art: Laboratory Strength Testing of Soils, Symp. on Laboratory Shear Strength of Soil, ASTM STP 740, 1981, pp. 7-77.
  • [24] SANDBEAKKEN G., BERRE T., LACASSE S., Oedometer Testing at the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, Consolidation of Soils: Testing and Evaluation, ASTM STP 892, 1986, pp. 329-353.
  • [25] SHEAHAN T.C., GERMAINE J.T., Computer Automation of Conventional Triaxial Equipment, Geotech. Test. J., ASTM, 1992, 15(4), pp. 311-322.
  • [26] TERZAGHI K., PECK R.B., MESRI G., Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1996.
  • [27] WISSA A.E.Z.. CHRISTIAN J.T., DAVIS E.H., HEIBERG S., Consolidation at Constant Rate of Strain, J. of the Soil Mech. and Found. Div., 1971, 97(SM10), pp. 1393-1413.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BPW6-0008-0034
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