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Porosity of sol-gel silica glasses doped by ruthenium bipyridyl as measured by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption

Wybrane pełne teksty z tego czasopisma
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Konferencja
7th Seminar Porous Glasses - Special Glasses PGL, 2005, Szklarska Poręba, Poland, September 10-14, 2005 r.
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The porous structure of glasses incorporated by ruthenium tris bipyridyl chloride (further Rubpy) and adsorbed by Rubpy is studied by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy and liquid nitrogen adsorption method. The first method provides the radius of the pores in the range of 0.6-4 nm and their distribution. The second method provides the radius of the pores in the range of 1-150 nm, their total volumes, size distribution and specific surface area. In the first method both closed and opened pores can be seen when the measurements are made on bulk samples as in this work. When thin films are measured, one has to use a capping material to prevent backscattering. The dimension of the pores can be controlled by the catalyst used for sol-gel formation. When Rubpy is prepared by adding its salt to precursor solution catalyzed by HCl, the pore size increases because of stress exhibited by large molecules. The pore size decreases with adding of Rubpy in precursor solution, catalyzed by HF and HNO3. Glass doped by Rubpy is less sensitive to the type of catalyst, than undoped glasses. A comparative study was performed on undoped glasses prepared by the identical method. We shall discuss the similarities and differences of the two methods.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Strony
677--689
Opis fizyczny
Bibl. 26 poz.
Twórcy
autor
  • The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
autor
  • The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
autor
  • Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, pl. M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 1, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
autor
  • University of Mining and Metallurgy, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
Bibliografia
  • [1] Yariv E., Reisfeld R., Saraidarov T., Axelrod E., Rysiakiewicz-Pasek E., Wodnicka K., Optimization of tunable laser glasses with the aid of dielectric relaxation and adsorption measurements, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 305(1-3), 2002, pp. 354-61.
  • [2] Reisfeld R., Lasers based on sol-gel technology, Structure and Bonding 85, 1996, p. 215.
  • [3] Wolfbeis O.S., Reisfeld R., Oehme I., Sol-gels and chemical sensors, Structure and Bonding 85, 1996, p. 51.
  • [4] Lifshitz E., Dag I., Litvin I., Hodes G., Gorer S., Reisfeld R., Zelner M., Minti H., Optical properties of CdSe nanoparticle films prepared by chemical deposition and sol-gel methods, Chemical Physics Letters 288(2-4), 1998, pp. 188-96.
  • [5] Patra a., Sominski E., Ramesh S., Koltypin Yu., Zhong Z., Minti H., Reisfeld R., Gedanken A., Sonochemical preparation and characterization of Eu2O3 and Tb2O3 doped in and coated on silica and alumina nanoparticles, Journal of Physical Chemistry B 103(17), 1999, pp. 3361-5.
  • [6] Reisfeld R., Yariv E., Porous glasses as a host for solid state tunable lasers in the visible as a means for fluorescence diagnostics and photodynamic therapy, Optica Applicata 30(4), 2000, pp. 481-90.
  • [7] Reisfeld R., Saraidarov T., Jasinska B., Porous glasses as a matrix for incorporation of photonic materials. Pore determination by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, Optical Materials 26(2), 2004, pp. 181-9.
  • [8] Brinker C.J., Scherer G.W., Sol-Gel Science, Academic Press, New York 1990, p. 108.
  • [9] Pope E.J.A., Mackenzie J., Sol-gel processing of silica. II. The role of the catalyst, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 87(1-2), 1986, pp. 185-98.
  • [10] Buckley A.M., Greenblatt M., The sol-gel preparation of silica gels, Journal of Chemical Education 71(7), 1994, pp. 599-602.
  • [11] Gvishi R., Reisfeld R., New solid glass laser for photodynamic therapy, Journal de Physique IV Colloque 1(C7), 1991, pp. 199-202.
  • [12] Reisfeld R., Seybold G., Solid state tunable lasers in the visible based on luminescent photoresistant heterocyclic colorants, Chimia 44, 1990, p. 295.
  • [13] Reisfeld R., The state of art of solid state tunable lasers in the visible, Optical Materials 4(1), 1994, pp. 1-3.
  • [14] Yariv E., Reisfeld R., Laser properties of pyrromethene dyes in sol-gel glasses, Optical Materials 13(1), 1999, pp. 49-54.
  • [15] Goworek J., Wawryszczuk J., Zaleski R., Porosity of ordered silica materials by nitrogen adsorption and positronium annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 243(2), 2001, pp. 427-32.
  • [16] Goworek J., Stefaniak W., Assessment of the porosity of solids from thermogravimetry and nitrogen adsorption data, Thermochimica Acta 286(1), 1996, pp. 199-207.
  • [17] Shivachev B.L., Mincov I.P., Kashchieva E.P., Dimitriev Y.B., Smith R., Troev T., Positron lifetime spectroscopy of vitreous B2O3, Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 345-346, 2004, pp. 108-11.
  • [18] Goworek J., Characterization of silica gel by physical methods [In] Encyclopedia of Colloids and Interfaces, Marcel-Dekker 2003, p. 954.
  • [19] Rouquerol J., Avnir D., Fairbridge C.W., Everett D.H., Haynes J.M., Pernicone N., Ramsay J.D.F., Sing K.S.W., Unger K.K., Recommendations for the characterization of porous solids, Pure and Applied Chemistry 66(8), 1994, pp. 1739-58.
  • [20] Brunauer S., Emmett P.H., Teller E., Adsorption of gases in multimolecular layers, Journal of the American Chemical Society 60(2), 1938, pp. 309-19.
  • [21] Barret E.P., Joyner L.G., Halenda P.H., The determination of pore volume and area distributions in porous substances. I. Computations from nitrogen isotherms, Journal of the American Chemical Society 73(1), 1951, pp. 373-80.
  • [22] Tao S.J., Positronium annihilation in molecular substances [liquids and solids], Journal of Chemical Physics 56(11), 1972, pp. 5499-510.
  • [23] Eldrup M., Lightbody D., Sherwood J.N., The temperature dependence of positron lifetimes in solidpivalic acid, Chemical Physics 63(1-2), 1981, pp. 51-8.
  • [24] Goworek T., Ciesielski K., Jasinska B., Wawryszczuk J., Positronium states in the pores of silica gel, Chemical Physics 230, 1998, pp. 305-15.
  • [25] Kansy J., Microcomputer program for analysis of positron annihilation lifetime spectra, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 374(2), 1996, pp. 235-44.
  • [26] Klinik J., Tekstura Porowatych Ciał Stałych, Monograph edited by Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza, Kraków 2000 (in Polish).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BPW1-0020-0007
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