Temperature and moisture influence on the curing process of PAPR-type fertilizer products

• Autorzy: Skut J. , Hoffmann K. , Hoffmann J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

PAPRs (Partially Acidulated Phosphate Rocks) are the most prospective phosphate fertilizers, mainly through the use of the smaller amount of reagents and the ability to utilize low-grade phosphate rocks with a low content of P2O5. The aim of our studies was to investigate the temperature and moisture infl uence on the curing process of PAPR-type fertilizer products. Fertilizer preparations of a PAPR-type were obtained in the Atlas model-type apparatus (Syrris Ltd.). The curing temperature and the moisture content were controlled by the heating time of the reaction vessel and the degree of PAPR stoichiometric norm (?PAPR). Our results indicate that increasing the curing temperature of the PAPR-type fertilizer product by 10oC can lead to a decrease in the moisture content of the fi nal product by an average value of 1.5% w/w. Additionally reducing the moisture content by 1% w/w may correspond to an increase in P2O5 content by an average value of 0.5% w/w.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

PAPR; phosphate fertilizers; curing process; moisture content

• Wydawca: West Pomeranian University of Technology. Publishing House
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: Vol. 14, nr 3
• Strony: 77--82
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 19 poz., rys., wykr., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Skut J.

autor

Hoffmann K.

autor

Hoffmann J.

• Wrocław University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Technology and Mineral Fertilizers, ul. Smoluchowskiego 25, 50 372 Wrocław, Poland,

Bibliografia

• 1. U.N. Secretariat. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. (2011, May 3). World Population Prospects The 2010 Revision. [Press Release]. Retrieved from http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/index.htm.
• 2. United States Geological Survey (2010). Mineral Commodity Summaries: Phosphate rock, Retrieved July 10, 2011, from http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/phosphate_ rock/.
• 3. Van Kauwenbergh, S. . (2010). World Phosphate Rock Reserves and Resources. Technical Bulletin IFDC T-75. Muscle Shoals, USA, IFDC.
• 4. United States Geological Survey (2011). Mineral Commodity Summaries: Phosphate rock, Retrieved July 10, 2011, from http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/phosphate_ rock/.
• 5. International Fertilizer Industry Association (2011). APA- -style citations of electronic resources. Retrieved July 7, 2011, from http://www.fertilizer.org/ifa/HomePage/SUSTAINABILITY/ Phosphorus-peak-phosphate.
• 6. The World Bank (2011). APA-style citations of electronic resources. World Development Indicators. Retrieved September 15, 2011, from http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/ commodity-price-data.
• 7. Grzmil, B. & Wronkowski, J. (2004). Studies on magnesium- ammonium phosphate recovery from wastewater. Pol. J. Chem. Tech. 6(3), 13-15.
• 8. Hoffmann, J. & Gluzińska, J. (2004). The feasibility of phosphorus compounds recovery and recycling. Pol. J. Chem. Tech. 6(2), 24-26.
• 9. Krupa-Żuczek, K., Kowalski, Z. & Wzorek, Z. (2008). Manufacturing of phosphoric acid from hydroxyapatite, contained in the ashes of the incinerated meat-bone wastes. Pol. J. Chem. Tech. 10(3), 13-20. DOI: 10.2478/v10026-008-0030-6.
• 10. Regulation (EC) No 2003/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 2003 relating to fertilizers (Text with EEA relevance), Official Journal of the European Union, L 304, 122.
• 11. Schultz, J.J. (1986). Sulfuric acid-based partially acidulated phosphate rock: Its production, cost, and use. Tech. Bull. IFDC-T-31. Muscle Shoals, USA, IFDC.
• 12. Marshall, H.L. & Hill, W.L. (1940). Composition and Properties of Superphosphate Effect of Degree of Acidulation on the Curing Processes. Ind. Eng. Chem. 32(9), 1224-1232. DOI: 10.1021/ie50369a036.
• 13. Schroeder, J. (1955). Technology of phosphorus compounds (1st ed.) Poland: Wrocław. (in Polish).
• 14. Skut, J., Hoffmann, J. & Hoffmann, K. (2010). The prospects for partial acidulation of phosphorus raw materials by PAPR method in fertilizer manufacturing plants. Przem. Chem. 89(4), 534-539. (in Polish).
• 15. Polish Committee for Standardization. (1984). Fertilizers - Methods used for measuring the physical properties of granular fertilizers - Sieve analysis. PN-C-87012-02-1984. Poland. (in Polish).
• 16. Polish Committee for Standardization. (1971). Sieve analysis - Guidelines for sieve analysis. PN-C-04501-1971. Poland. (in Polish).
• 17. Diamond, R.B. (1979). Views on marketing of phosphate rock for direct application. In IFDC, ed. Seminar on phosphate rock for direct application. Special Publication SP-1. Muscle Shoals, USA, IFDC.
• 18. Polish Committee for Standardization. (1988). Fertilizers - Methods used for measuring the phosphorus content. PNC- 87015-1988. Poland. (in Polish).
• 19. Shuey, P. McG. (1925). Free acid in acid phosphate - its determination and value, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 17(3), 269-270. DOI: 10.1021/ie50183a018.