From sewage sludge ash to calcium phosphate fertilizers

• Autorzy: Gorazda K. , Kowalski Z. , Wzorek Z.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Our work presents the results of the research on the utilization of ashes after sewage sludge combustion comprising phosphorus recovery in the form of useful products. The investigations were divided into three parts: selecting the combustion parameters of sewage sludge, examining ash leaching with mineral acids (nitric and phosphoric) to high phosphorus selectivity assuring a low content of iron and heavy metals in the extracted solutions and precipitation of CaHPO4 .2H2O. Suitable temperature of a sewage sludge combustion enables selective extraction of phosphorus compounds from ash because of hematite phase forming, insoluble in mineral acids. The extracts from phosphoric acid leaching, where the extraction of phosphorus compounds was 96.1%, have very good properties for its further use as the initial solution for CaHPO4 .2H2O with 6% lime milk. The obtained product is characterized by high purity and phosphorus availability compatible even with the feed phosphate standard.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

phosphorus recovery; sewage sludge; sewage sludge combustion; ash extraction; fertilizers production; waste

• Wydawca: West Pomeranian University of Technology. Publishing House
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: Vol. 14, nr 3
• Strony: 54--58
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 29 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Gorazda K.

autor

Kowalski Z.

autor

Wzorek Z.

• Institute of Chemistry and Inorganic Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland,

Bibliografia

• 1. Morse, G.K., Lester, J.N. & Perry, R. (1993). The economic and environmental impact of phosphorus removal from wastewater in the European Community. Selpher Publications, London.
• 2. Jasiński, S.M. (2010). U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, chapter Phosphate Rock. United States Government Printing Office, Washington.
• 3. Schröder, J.J., Cordell, D., Smit, A.L. & Rosemarin, A. (2009). Sustainable use of phosphorus, European Union tender project ENV.B.1/ETU/2009/0025. Report 357. Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands. Retrieved March 23, 2011, from: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/natres/phosphorus.htm.
• 4. Steen, I. (1998). Phosphorus availability in the 21st century: Management of a non-renewable resources. Phosphorus and Potassium, 217, 25-31.
• 5. Schröder, J.J., Smit, A.L., Cordell, D. & Rosemarin, A. (2011). Improved phosphorus use efficiency in agriculture: A key requirement for its sustainable use. Chemosphere, 84, 822-831. DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.01.065.
• 6. Smith, V. (1999). Eutrophication: impacts of excess nutrients of freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Environ. Pollut., 100, 179-196.
• 7. Andersen, A. (2003). Disposal and recycling routes for sewage sludge- report for the UE Commission - DG - Environment - B/2, SEDES. CEEP Scope Newsl., 50, 2-3. Retrieved 12 September, 2010, from: http://www.ceep-phosphates.org/Files/ Newsletter/scope50.pdf.
• 8. Kowalski, Z., Przewrocki, P., Kulczycka, J., Wzorek, Z., Gorazda, K. & Jodko, M. (2004). Risk Analysis of Sewage Sludge - Poland and EU Comparative Approach. Pol. J. Environ. Stud., 13(2), 237-244.
• 9. Dulley, B., (2001). Recycling phosphorus by recovery from sewage. In: Conference Summary - Second International Conference on the recovery of phosphorus from sewage and animal wastes, 12-13 March 2011, Noordwijkerhout, Netherlands.
• 10. Lundin, M., Olofsson, M., Pettersson, G.J. & Zetterlund, H. (2004). Environmental and economic assessment of sewage sludge handling options. Resour. Conserv. Recyc., 41(4), 255-278. DOI:10.1016/j.resconrec.2003.10.006.
• 11. Stark, K., Plaza, E. & Hultman, B. (2006). Phosphorus release from ash, dried sludge and sludge residue from supercritical water oxidation by acid or base. Chemosphere, 62 (5), 827-832. DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.04.069.
• 12. Rittmann, B.E., Mayer, B., Westerhoff, P. & Mark Edwards, M. (2011). Capturing the lost phosphorus. Chemosphere, 84, 846-853. DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.02.001.
• 13. Takahashi, M., Kato, S., Shima, H., Sarai, E., Ichioka, T., Hatykawa, S. & Miyajiri, H. (2001). Technology for recovering phosphorus from incinerated wastewater treatment sludge. Chemosphere, 44, 23-29.
• 14. Stasta, P., Boran, J., Bebar, L., Stehlik, P. & Oral, J. (2006). Thermal processing of sewage sludge. Appl. Therm. Eng., 26(13), 1420-1426. DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2005.05.030.
• 15. Jozuka, T. (2001). P-recovery from sewage sludge incineration ash. CEEP Scope Newsl., 43, 7-8. Retrieved 11 September, 2010, from: http://www.ceep-phosphates.org/Files/ Newsletter/scope43.pdf.
• 16. Suzuki, Y. (2003). P-recovery from sewage-sludge incineration ash. CEEP Scope Newsl., 52, 4-5. Retrieved 22 September, 2011, from: http://www.ceep-phosphates.org/Files/ Newsletter/Scope52.pdf.
• 17. Nakahara, K. & Hoshino, Y. (2000). US Patent No.6022514. Washington, D.C.: US Patents and Trademarks Office.
• 18. Vogel, C., Adam, C., Peplinski, B. & Wellendorf, S. (2010). Chemical reactions during the preparation of P and NPK fertilizers from thermochemically treated sewage sludge ashes. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr, 56(4), 627-635. DOI:10.1111/j.1747- -0765.2010.00485.x.
• 19. Adam, C. , Peplinski, B. , Michaelis, M. , Kley, G. & Simon, F. (2009). Thermochemical treatment of sewage sludge ashes for phosphorus recovery. Waste Manage. 29(3), 1122-1128. DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2008.09.011.
• 20. Mattenberger, H., Fraissler, G., Brunner, T., Herk, P., Hermann, L. & Obernberger, I. (2008). Sewage sludge ash to phosphorus fertilizer: Variables influencing heavy metal removal during thermochemical treatment. Waste Manage., 28 (12), 2709-2722. DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2008.01.005.
• 21. Mattenberger, H., Fraissler, G., Jöller, M., Brunner, T., Obernberger, I., Herk, P. & Hermann, L. (2010). Sewage sludge ash to phosphorus fertilizer (II): Influences of ash and granulate type on heavy metal removal. Waste Manage., 30 (8-9), 1622-1633. DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.03.037.
• 22. Nowak, B., Perutka, L., Aschenbrenner, P., Kraus, P., Rechberger, H. & Winter, F. (2011). Limitations for heavy metal release during thermo-chemical treatment of sewage sludge ash. Waste Manage., 31 (6), 1285-1291. DOI: 10.1016/j. wasman.2011.01.029.
• 23. Donatello, S., Tong, D. & Cheeseman, C.R. (2010). Production of technical grade phosphoric acid from incinerator sewage sludge ash (ISSA). Waste Manage., 30 (8-9), 1634-1642. DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.04.009.
• 24. Franz, M. (2008). Phosphate fertilizer from sewage sludge ash (SSA). Waste Manage., 28(10), 1809-1818. DOI: 10.1016/j. wasman.2007.08.011.
• 25. Gorazda, K., Kowalski, Z., Wzorek, Z., Jodko, M., Rzepecki, T., Kulczycka, J., Przewrocki, P. (2003). Possibilities of Phosphorus Recovering from Municipal Sewage and Sewage Sludge. Pol. J. Appl. Chem., 2, 51-63.
• 26. Gorazda, K. (2004). Research on phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge formed after simultaneous municipal sewage treatment with the use of iron sulfate, as a phosphorus compounds precipitating agent. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland.
• 27. Gorazda, K., Wzorek, Z. & Jodko, M. (2005). Phosphorus compounds extraction from the ash after sewage sludge combustion. Pol. J. Chem. Technol., 7(1), 24-28.
• 28. Gorazda, K. & Wzorek, Z. (2006). Selection of leaching agent for phosphorus compounds extraction from the sewage sludge ash. Pol. J. Chem. Technol., 8(3), 15-18.
• 29. Gorazda, K., Wzorek, Z. & Jodko, M. (2007). The influence of the thermal processing of sewage sludge on the usage properties of the formed ash. Pol. J. Chem. Technol., 9(4), 21-27. DOI: 10.2478/v10026-007-0083-y.