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A break in operation of the electric power system or of its important part is colloquially called the blackout type catastrophic disaster. Such emergency is defined as the electric power system's voltage loss throughout a wide area. In addition, at least 50% of consumers is deprived of power supply, and sometimes the local load islands are maintained (breakdown type 3 or 4). Although the causes and sequence of events differ from case to case, a general common scheme of events leading to the blackout can be indicated. The combination of some random events (breakdowns in grid, power plant tripping, extreme weather conditions) results in exceeding the critical values of the basic technical parameters of system operation ( frequency, voltage), automatic tripping off the power plants from the grid and the voltage loss on the area affected by disturbance. In the paper, the short analysis of recent catastrophic power breakdowns appearing in 2003 is presented.
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- [1]Lipko K., Unruly electric power networks (in Polish) Niesforne Sieci Elektroenergetyczne (in Polish). Wokół Energetyki 3(25) June 2005.
- [2]Kasprzyk S., Safety of operation of Polish electric power system.(in Polish). Proc. Of Conference on Safety of electric power systems, Bezpieczeństwo pracy polskiego systemu elektroenergetycznego. Materiały Konferencji „Bezpieczeństwo Systemów Energetycznych" Komitet Nauk Technicznych FSNT NOT ds. Gospodarki Energetycznej, Warszawa grudzień 2004 r.
- [3]Kasprzyk S., Paprocki R., Great blackouts in the world- Conclusions drawn for Poland (in Polish), Wnioski dla Polski wynikające z wielkich awarii systemów elektroenergetycznych na świecie. Elektroenergetyka nr4/2004 (51) ss. 1-16.
- [4]Final Report on the August 14th, 2003 Blackout in the United States and Canada: Causes and Recommendations, US - Canada Power System Outage Task Force, April 2004, www.nerc.com.
- [5]August 14th, 2003 Blackout: NERC Actions to Prevent and Mitigate the Impacts of Future Cascading Blackouts, NERC, February 10th, 2004, www.nerc.com.
- [6]Elavbrottet 23 September 2003 - Haendelser och atgaerder, Svenska Kraftnat rapport, November 4th, 2003, www.svk.se.
- [7]Power failure in Eastern Denmark and Southern Sweden on 23 September 2003, Final report on the course of events, Elkraft System report, November 4th, 2003, www.elkraft-system.dk.
- [8]Final Report of the Investigation Committee on the 28 September 2003 Blackout in Italy, UCTE, April 2004, www.ucte.org.
- [9]Report on a threat posed to operating continuity of the national electric power system in Poland (in Polish), Raport na temat stanu zagrożenia ciągłości pracy krajowego systemu elektroenergetycznego w Polsce. Październik 2003. Raport wewnętrzny PSE S.A. (wersja skrócona raportu została opublikowana w Biuletynie Miesięcznym PSE SA Nr 10, październik 2003).
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bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BPP1-0088-0090