PL EN


Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników
Tytuł artykułu

Diffusion controlled relaxation time and acceleration of velocity of sol-gel transformation for cross-linked metal alginate ionotropic gel comlexes

Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The rate of gel-growth for spherical ionotropic metal alginate gel droplets has been studied. Experimental observations have shown that the relaxation time of the metal alginate ionotropic gel complexes of the droplet shapes decreased in the order Hg > Cd > Sn > Pb-alginates, whereas the velocity of sinking under gravitational acceleration decreases in the same order. The factors which affect the relaxation time and velocity of acceleration, such as the concentration and viscosity of the alginate sol, the nature and radius of the metal ion as well as the density and pH of the electrolyte solution have been examined. The activation energies indicated that the stability of these metal alginate gel complexes follows the order Hg > Cd > Pb ~ Sn alginates. A mechanism consistent with the experimental results has been discussed.
Rocznik
Strony
207--220
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 26 poz.
Twórcy
  • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applid Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Al-Mukarramah, 5576, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
  • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applid Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Al-Mukarramah, 5576, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
autor
  • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applid Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah Al-Mukarramah, 5576, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Bibliografia
  • [1] J. L. Mongar, A. Wassermann, Nature, 159 (1947) 746.
  • [2] R. Schweiger, Koll. Z., 196 (1964) 47.
  • [3] O. Smidsrod, A. Haugh, Acta Chem. Scand., 19 (1965) 329.
  • [4] A. Haugh, O. Smidsrod, Acta Chem. Scand., 19 (1965) 341.
  • [5] H. Thiele, E. Schact, Koll. Z., 161 (1958) 120.
  • [6] R. Schweiger, J. Org. Chem., 27 (1962) 1789.
  • [7] D. A. Rees, Polysaccharide Gels. A Molecular Review, Chem. Ind., 630 (1972).
  • [8] R. M. Hassan, Polym. Int., 31 (1993) 81.
  • [9] R. M. Hassan, M. Th. Makhlouf, S. A. El-Shatoury, Coll. Polym. Sci., 270 (1992) 1237.
  • [10] K. Khairou, W. M. Al-Gethami, R. M. Hassan, Bull. Pol. Ac.: Chem., 50 (3) (2002).
  • [11] A. I. Vogel, Textbook of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, 4th ed., Longmans, London 1986.
  • [12] A. Awad, F. El-Cheikh, A. Shaker, Coll. Polym. Sci., 258 (1980) 1244.
  • [13] A. Awad, F. El-Cheikh, A. Shaker, J. Ind. Chem. Soc., LV II (1980) 728.
  • [14] F. Hellferich, Ion Exchange, McGraw-Hill, New York 1962.
  • [15] R. M. Hassan, High Perf. Polym., 1 (1989) 275.
  • [16] R. M. Hassan, A. M. Summan, M. K. Hassan, S. A. El-Shatoury, Eur. Polym. J., 25 (1989) 1209.
  • [17] R. M. Hassan, A. Awad, A. Hassan, J. Polym. Sci., Part A, 29 (1991) 1645.
  • [18] V. Kireer, Physical Chemistry, Higher School Publisher House, Moscow 1968.
  • [19] H. Thiele, Koll. Z., 136 (1954) 80.
  • [20] H. Thiele, K. Plonke, E. Brandt, G. Moll, Koll. Z. Polym., 182 (1964) 24.
  • [21] H. Thiele, Discuss. Farad. Soc., 18 (1954) 294.
  • [22] K. Khairou, J. Therm. Analy. Cal., 69 (2002) 583.
  • [23] L. Leffler, E. Grunwald, Rates and Equilibria of Organic Reactions, Wiley, New York 1963.
  • [24] H. Lambe, Mechanics for Engineers and Scientists, Pergamon Press, London 1950.
  • [25] K. J. Laidler, Chemical Kinetics, 2nd ed., Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi 1983.
  • [26] A. Awad, F. El-Cheikh, R. Hassan, Rev. Roum. Chimie, 24 (1979) 563.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BPP1-0036-0077
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.