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Abstrakty
The paper presents a new method for calculation of liquid-vapour equilibrium establishing in an urea synthesis process under the following conditions: T=433-463 K, NH(3)JCO2=2.3-3.6, Hpexc/CO2=O.I-O.6 and in the whole range of carbon dioxide conversion. The method is based on the excess Gibbs free energy of the liquid phase which leads to equations describing the composition effect on the activity coefficients according to Gibbs-Duhem equation. The method makes it possible to calculate the equilibrium composition of liquid and gas phase as well as equilibrium pressure and gives thermodynamic characteristics of the system.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
57--67
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 23 poz.
Twórcy
autor
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Technology and Electrochemistry. Silesian Technical University, 44-101 Gliwice, ul. Krzywoustego 6, Poland
autor
- ZA “Puławy” S.A., 24-100 Puławy, Al. Tysiąclecia P.P 13, Poland
autor
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Technology and Electrochemistry. Silesian Technical University, 44-101 Gliwice, ul. Krzywoustego 6, Poland
Bibliografia
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- [2] S. LEMKOWITZ, M. de COOKER, P. VAN DER BERG, Appl. Chem. Biotechnol., 23, 63, (1973).
- [3] J. PIOTROWSKI, Chem. Stos., 2, 239, (1984).
- [4] J. PIOTROWSKI, Chem. Stos., 3-4, 393, (1984).
- [5] J. PIOTROWSKI, Chem. Slos., 1-2, 41, (1985).
- [6] R. STATEVA, V. KAFAROV, Zh. Prikl. Khim., 5, 1036 (1986).
- [7] R. STATEVA, V. KAFAROV, Zh. Prikl. Khim., 6, 1265 (1986).
- [8] V. KUCHERYAVYI, G. ZINOVEV, Khim. Prom., 5, 354 (1969).
- [9] R. KOZAK, Thermodynamic model of vapour-liquid equilibrium in the urea synthesis process (in Polish). PhD Thesis. Silesian Technical University, Gliwice 1987.
- [10] J. SZARAWARA, J. PIOTKOWSKI, R. KOZAK, Chem. Stos., 1, 73, (1987).
- [11] J. PIOTROWSKI, M. ZOŁOTAJKIN, Pol. J. Appl. Chem., 1-2, 61, (1993).
- [12] J. PIOTROWSKI M. ZOŁOTAJKIN, M. PRZYBYSLAWSKA, Pol. J. Appl. Chem., 3-4, 277, (1992).
- [13] J. PIOTROWSKI, R. KOZAK, M. KUJAWSKA, Chem. Eng. Sci., 53, 183 (1998).
- [14] S. KAWASUMI, Koatsu Gasu Kyokaishi, 2, 40 (1956).
- [15] S. INOUE, K. KANAI, E. OTSUKA, Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 45, 1339, (1972).
- [16] M. FREJACQUES, Chim. Ind. (Paris), 60, 1, 22, (1948).
- [17] S. WALAS, Phase Equilibria in Chemical Engineering, Butterworth Publishers, London, 1985, pp. 145, 301.
- [18] R.C. REID, J.M. PRAUSNITZ, T. SHERWOOD, The Properties of Gases and Liquids, 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York 1977, p. 37.
- [19] R.C. REID, J.M. PRAUSNITZ, B.E. POLING, The Properties of Gases and Liqui/h, 4th Edition. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Singapore, 19S8, p. 273.
- [20] H.R. NULL, Phase Equlibrum in Process Design, Wiley Inc., 1970, pp. 38-39.
- [21] S. MALANOWSKI, Liquid-Vapour Equilibrium (in Polish), PWN, Warszawa 1974.
- [22] O. REDLICH, A, KISTER, Ind. Eng. Chem., 40, 345, (1948).
- [23] S. KAWASUMI, Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 27, 254, (1954).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BPP1-0013-0077