Analiza zjawiska korozji w sieciach wodociągowych

Nawrocki, J.; Świetlik, J.

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Tytuł artykułu

Analiza zjawiska korozji w sieciach wodociągowych

Autorzy

Nawrocki J. , Świetlik J.

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Warianty tytułu

Analysis of corrosion phenomena in water-pipe networks

Języki publikacji

Abstrakty

Korozja przewodów wodociągowych wykonanych z żeliwa i stali jest procesem niezwykle złożonym, na który wpływ mają praktycznie wszystkie parametry fizyczne, chemiczne i biologiczne właściwe w przypadku danej sieci. Korozja sieci, instalacji i urządzeń wodociągowych powoduje ogromne koszty, a jej skutki obniżają jakość wody transportowanej do odbiorców. W pracy podsumowano obecny stan wiedzy obejmujący mechanizm procesu korozji, towarzyszące mu reakcje oraz skład powstających produktów korozji. Omówiono też skład i struktury krystalograficzne powstających osadów korozyjnych, a także podjęto próbę scharakteryzowania wody osadowej towarzyszącej stałym produktom korozji. Wykazano, że woda osadowa charakteryzuje się zadziwiająco bogatym składem, a występujące w niej związki organiczne i nieorganiczne są oznaczane na poziomie stężeń wielokrotnie przekraczających wartości analizowane w wodzie wodociągowej. Omówiono również wpływ jakości wody wodociągowej oraz rodzaju jej domieszek na przebieg i intensywność procesów korozyjnych w sieci. Wykazano, że interakcje pomiędzy składnikami wody a produktami korozji obecnymi na ścianach przewodów w istotny sposób mogą pogarszać jakość transportowanej wody. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono uwalnianiu związków żelaza, migracji pierwiastków z korodujących materiałów, uwalnianiu siarczków oraz degradacji ubocznych produktów dezynfekcji. Złożoność procesu korozji, zależność jego przebiegu od jakości transportowanej wody, w połączeniu z niekorzystną strukturą materiałową sieci wskazuje, że procesy korozyjne jeszcze przez długie lata będą bardzo ważnym problemem eksploatacyjnym zakładów wodociągowych.

Corrosion of cast-iron or steel water pipes is a highly complex process influenced by a diversity of physical, chemical and biological parameters specific to a given water-pipe network. Corrosion processes in the underground and on-ground infrastructure of a drinking water distribution system not only incur substantial costs, but also deteriorate the quality of the water transported to the user. The authors of this paper not only present a critical state-of-the-art review of the published literature on corrosion phenomena in drinking water distribution systems, but also evaluate some historical analyses of this subject. In the paper, attention has been focused on the mechanism governing the corrosion process, on the concomitant reactions, as well as on the composition of the corrosion products being formed. This includes the composition and crystal structure of the corrosion deposits, and the composition of steady water in the tubercles, which is concomitant with the occurrence of solid corrosion products. Steady water is characterized by a surprisingly rich diversity of components, where the concentrations of organic and inorganic compounds many times exceed the values measured in drinking water. Consideration has also been given to the impact of water quality on the development of corrosion processes in water-pipe networks. Much of the quality deterioration comes from the interactions between the water components and the corrosion products accumulating on the inner pipe walls. Other major issues considered in the review paper include the release of iron and sulfides, the migration of chemical elements from the corroding materials into the water, and the degradation of disinfection by-products. In conclusion, the complexity of the corrosion process, its dependence on the quality of the water being transported, as well as the poor material condition of the water-pipe networks (pipe service age effect) suggest that controlling corrosion in water-pipe networks will still be a great challenge for waterworks in the coming decade.

Słowa kluczowe

korozja sieć wodociągowa stal żeliwo osady korozyjne struktura osadów jakość wody

corrosion water-pipe network steel cast iron corrosion deposits deposit structure water quality

Wydawca

Polskie Zrzeszenie Inżynierów i Techników Sanitarnych, Oddział Dolnośląski

Czasopismo

Ochrona Środowiska

Rocznik

2011

Tom

Vol. 33, nr 4

Strony

27--40

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 119 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Nawrocki J.

autor

Świetlik J.

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza, Wydział Chemii, Zakład Technologii Uzdatniania Wody, ul. M. Drzymały 24, 60-613 Poznań, jaceknaw@amu.edu.pl

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