The static behavior of historical vaults and cupolas

• Autorzy: Baratta A. , Corbi O.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Zachowanie statyczne historycznych sklepień i kopuł

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Po przeanalizowaniu problematyki przekryć wznoszonych techniką murarską w dawnych czasach, okazało się, że krzywizna i siły rozporu są głównymi elementami pozwalającymi wykonać murowane konstrukcje ponad dużymi przestrzeniami. Podstawowe właściwości budulca nie gwarantują wytrzymałości na rozciąganie, ani nie dają pewności w kwestii pracy belek. Jednakże w ścianach 2D i sklepieniach o podwójnej krzywiźnie, specyficzna konfiguracja sklepienia może w niektórych przypadkach, dzięki działaniu sił ściskających i tarcia, pozwolić na powstanie modelu równowagi obejmującego rozciąganie, co wyjaśnia nadspodziewaną nośność niektórych ścian i kopuł. Ogólnie uznaje się, że z wyjątkiem nielicznych przypadków, założenie braku naprężeń rozciągających daje w efekcie odpowiedni model do oceny konstrukcji. Ta krótko przedstawiona tutaj teoria i jej zastosowanie w przypadku kopuł, zostały szczegółowo wyjaśnione, czego efektem jest równanie Monge-Ampere wyznaczające schemat statyczny w naprężeniu błonowym powierzchni.

EN

After discussing the problem of roofing empty spaces by ancient masonry builders, it is found out that curvature and horizontal thrust are the basic elements for masonry to get over long spans. Basic properties of masonry do not allow to rely on tensile strength, and beam behaviour cannot be trusted on. Nevertheless in 2D walls and in double curvature vaults, a particular organization of the vault apparatus can in some instances, through the action of compression and friction, give place to a equilibrium pattern including tension, which explains the unexpected good performance of some walls and cupolas. Anyway, it is recognized that, apart from a few cases, the No-Tension assumption yields a effective model for structural assessment. The theory is briefly illustrated, and its application to vaults is explained in detail, leading to a Monge-Ampere equation ruling the static regime through a membrane stress surface.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

statyka elementów murowanych; murowane sklepienia; model beznaprężeniowy; ocena konstrukcyjna

EN

Masonry behaviour; Masonry vaults; structural assessment; No-Tension model

• Wydawca: Zarząd Główny Stowarzyszenia Konserwatorów Zabytków
• Czasopismo: Wiadomości Konserwatorskie
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: Nr 32
• Strony: 65--81
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 33 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Baratta A.

autor

Corbi O.

• University of Naples "Federico II", Italy, Dept. of Struct. Eng.ng,

Bibliografia

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