A study of performance and emissions of SI engine with a two-stage combustion system

• Autorzy: Jamrozik A. , Tutak W.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Lean mixture burning leads to a decrease in the temperature of the combustion process and it is one of the methods of limiting nitric oxide emissions. It also increases engine efficiency. An effective method to correct lean mixture combustion can be a two-stage system of stratified mixture combustion in an engine with a prechamber. This article presents the results of laboratory research on an SI engine (spark ignition) with a two-stage combustion system with a cylinder powered by gasoline and a prechamber powered by propane-butane gas LPG (liquefied petroleum gas). The results were compared to the results of research on a conventional engine with a one-stage combustion process. The test engine fuel mixture stratification method, with a two-stage combustion system in the engine with a prechamber, allowed to burn a lean mixture with an average excess air factor equal to 2.0 and thus led to lower emissions of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust of the engine. The test engine with a conventional, single-stage combustion process allowed to properly burn air-fuel mixtures of excess air factors X not exceeding 1.5. If the value X > 1.5, the non-repeatability factor COVLi increases, and the engine efficiency decreases, which makes it virtually impossible for the engine to operate. The engine with a two-stage combustion process, working with X = 2.0, the QmlQim = 2.5%, reduced the NOx content in the exhaust gases to a level of about 1.14 g/kWh. This value is significantly lower than the value obtained in a conventional engine, which worked at X = 1.3 with comparable non-repeatability of successive cycles (about 3%) and a similar indicated efficiency (about 34%), was characterised by the emissions of NOx in the exhaust equal to 26.26 g/kWh.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

engine with two-stage combustion system; prechamber; excess air factor; indicated work; indicated efficiency; non-repeatability factor of the indicated work

PL

silnik z dwustopniowym systemem spalania; współczynnik nadmiaru powietrza

• Wydawca: Komitet Inżynierii Chemicznej i Procesowej Polskiej Akademii Nauk
• Czasopismo: Chemical and Process Engineering
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: Vol. 32, nr 4
• Strony: 453--471
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 33 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Jamrozik A.

autor

Tutak W.

• Częstochowa University of Technology, Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Control Engineering, al. Armii Krajowej 21, Czestochowa, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Bernhardt M., Michalowska J., Radzimirski S., 1976. Automotive air pollution. Wydawnictwa Komunikacji i Lacznosci, Warszawa (in Polish).
• 2. Bocian P., Teodorczyk A., Rychter T., 2001. Study of ignition of a gaseous fuel jet in a dual chamber configuration. Journal of KONES. Combustion Engines, 8, 172-176.
• 3. Charlton S.J., Jager D.J., Wilson M., 1990. Computer modelling and experimental investigation of a lean burn natural gas engine. SAE Paper, 900228, 536-542. DOI: 10.4271/900228.
• 4. Cupial K., 2002. SILN1K- version 2001.5 - program for develop the indicator diagram. Czestochowa University of Technology, Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Control Engineering.
• 5. Cupiat K., Jamrozik A., Kociszewski A., 2003. Comparison of Gas Engines with Different Combustion Systems. Erste Internationale Fachthemenkonferenz Gasmotoren, MOTORTECH GmbH, Celle 2003 (in German).
• 6. Cupiat K., Jamrozik A., Spyra A., 2002. Single and two-stage combustion system in the SI test engine. Journal of KONES. Internal Combustion Engines, 9, 67-74.
• 7. Diesel & gas turbine 2003. Worldwide catalog, 68lh Annual product & buyer's guide for engine power markets.
• 8. Endo H., Tanaka K., Kakuhama Y., Goda Y., Fujiwaka T., Nishigaki M., 2001. Development of the lean burn Miller cycle gas engine. The Fifth International on Diagnostics and Modeling of Combustion in Internal Combustion Engines - COMODIA 2001, 374-380.
• 9. French C.C.J., 1990. Alternative engines - interest or a real alternative. Auto - Technika motoryzacyjna, 10, 4-9 (in Polish).
• 10. Gmurczyk G., Lezariski T., Kesler M., Chomiak T, Rychter T., Wolariski P., 1992. Research of the new pulsed jet combustion for piston engines. Kones'92, Wroctaw-Szklarska Poreba, 143-159 (in Polish).
• 11. Gruca M., 2001. LCTXR - program for digital recording and analysis of the frequency signals. Czestochowa University of Technology, Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Control Engineering.
• 12. Gussak L.A., 1966. Method of prechamber torch ignition in internal combustion engines. U.S.Patent No. 3.230.939.
• 13. Gussak L.A., Evart G.V., Ribiriski D.A., 1963. Carburetor type internal combustion engine with prechamber. U.S.Patent No. 3.092.088.
• 14. Heywood J.B., 1988. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals. McGraw - Hill Book Company. http://www.dieselnet.com/standards/eu/hd.php.
• 15. Jamrozik A., 2004. Creation and combustion of heterogeneous burn mixtures in spark ignition engines. PhD thesis, Czestochowa University of Technology (in Polish).
• 16. Janicki P., 2000. Production and development of gas engines in the H. Cegielski - FSA, V Miedzynarodowa Konferencja Naukowa - Silniki Gazowe 2000, 179-193 (in Polish).
• 17. Jarnicki R., Bocian P., Rychter T., 2001. Theoretical analysis of ignitron of a gas fuel jet with the use o fan ignition chamber. Journal of KONES. Combustion Engines, 8, 287-293.
• 18. Jeffery M.P., 1988. Design and development of the Waukesha AT25GL series gas engine. Energy Sources Technology Conference and Exhibition, New Orleans, 1988, 1-18.
• 19. Kesler M., Lezanski T., Rychter T., Teodorczyk A., Wolariski P., 1993. Pulsed jet combustion (PJC) system -theoretical analysis and engine research. Kones'93, Gdahsk-Jurata, 521-536 (in Polish).
• 20. Kowalewicz A., 1980. Combustion systems of the high speed internal combustion engines. Wydawnictwa Komunikacji i Lgcznosci, Warszawa (in Polish).
• 21. Kowalewicz A., Luft S., Rozycki A., Gola M., 1999. Chosen aspects of feeding in SI engines with poor gasoline-air mixtures. Journal of KONES, 6, 156-162 (in Polish).
• 22. Lezanski T., Kesler M., Rychter T., Teodorczyk A., Wolariski P., 1993. Performance of pulsed jet combustion (PJC) system in a research engine. SAE Paper, 932709. DOL10.4271/932709.
• 23. Mooser D., 2003. CAT Gas Engines, KEC Kiel Engine Center. CATERPILLAR medium speed gasmotor, Entwicklung & Betriebserfahrung, Erste Internationale Fachthemenkonferenz Gasmotoren, MOTORTECH GmbH, Celle 2003.
• 24. Noguchi M., Sanda S., Nakamura N., 1976. Development of Toyota lean burn engine. SAE Paper, 760757, 2358-2373. DOI: 10.4271/760757.
• 25. Oppenheim A.K., Stewart H.E., Horn K., 1990. Pulsed jet combustion generator for premixed charge engines. U.S.Patent No. 4.926.818.
• 26. Oppenheim A.K., Teichman K., Horn K., Stewart H.E., 1978. Jet ignition of an ultra-lean mixture. SAE Paper 780637 or SAE Trans., 87, 2416-2428. DOI: 10.4271/780637.
• 27. Robinet C, Higelin P., Moreau B., Pajot O., Andrzejewski J., 1999. Anew firing concept for internal combustion engines: ,,1'APIR". SAE Paper, 1999-01-0621, 973-988. DOI: 10.4271/1999-01-0621.
• 28. Roethlisberger R.P., Favrat D., 2003. Investigation of the prechamber geometrical configuration of a natural gas spark ignition engine for cogeneration: part I. Numerical simulation. Int. J. Thermal Sci., 42, 223-237. DOI: 10.1016/S1290-0729(02)00023-6.
• 29. Roethlisberger R.P., Favrat D., 2003. Investigation of the prechamber geometrical configuration of a natural gas spark ignition engine for cogeneration: part II. Experimentation. Int. J. Thermal Sci., 42, 239-253. DOI: 10.1016/S 1290-0729(02)00024-8.
• 30. Sendyka B., Cygnar M., 2005. Determination of general efficiency of spark ignition engine with stratified charge with direct fuel injection. Journal of KONES Internal Combustion Engines, 12, 1-2.
• 31. Stenhede T., Combined heat and power solutions of Wartsila, 2003. VI Miedzynarodowa Konferencja Naukowa -Silniki Gazowe 2003, 645-656.
• 32. Wolański P, Dąbkowski A., Przastek J. 1997. Influence of PJC ignition on efficiency and emission of ICE engine operating at partial and full load. SAE Paper, 972871. DOI: DOI: 10.4271/972871.
• 33. Wolarński P., 1996. Application of pulsed jet combustion to internal combustion engines, In: Bowen J.R. (Ed.), Dynamics of exothermicity. Gordon and Reach Publications, 131-150.