Uncertainties in the building process

• Autorzy: Nowak A. , Rakoczy A.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Load and resistance have to be treated as random variables because of natural and man-made uncertainties. Statistical parameters, i.e. bias factors and coefficients of variation, are presented for natural effects of dead load, live load for buildings and bridges, and environmental loads. Man-made effects are more difficult to quantify as they include also human errors. For resistance, the uncertainties are considered as a combination of three factors: material, fabrication and professional. The statistical parameters are shown for structural steel, reinforced concrete, and prestressed concrete. These parameters allow for calculation of the reliability indices for structural components and assessment of the effect of uncertainties in load and resistance on the structural safety.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

loads; resistance; bias factor; coefficient of variation; reliability index; limit states; human error

• Wydawca: Polska Akademia Nauk, Wydział IV Nauk Technicznych
• Czasopismo: Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: Vol. 61, nr 1
• Strony: 129--135
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 18 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Nowak A.

autor

Rakoczy A.

• Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA

Bibliografia

• [1] A.S. Nowak and K.R. Collins, Reliability of Structures, CRC Press, New York, 2013.
• [2] B. Ellingwood, T. V. Galambos, J.G. McGregor, and C.A. Cornell, “Development of a probability based load criterion for American national standard A58”, in NBS Special Report 577,U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, New York, 1980.
• [3] B. Ellingwood and D. Rosowsky, “Combining snow and earthquake loads for limit states design”, ASCE J. Structural Eng. 122 (11), 1364-1368 (1996).
• [4] A.S. Nowak, “Calibration of LRFD bridge design code”, in NCHRP Report 368, Transportation Research Board, Washington, 1999.
• [5] C.J. Turkstra, “Theory of structural design decisions”, in SolidMechanics Study, No. 2, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, 1970.
• [6] A.S. Nowak, “Live load model for highway bridges”, J. StructuralSafety 13, 53-66 (1993).
• [7] A.S. Nowak, “Calibration of LRFD bridge code”, ASCE J. Structural Eng. 121 (8), 1245-1251 (1995).
• [8] P. Rakoczy and A.S. Nowak, “Fatigue load of heavy goods vehicle traffic”, Elamed MOSTY, Katowice, 2011, (in Polish).
• [9] M. Kozikowski and A.S. Nowak, “Live load models based on weigh-in-motion data”, IABMAS Conf. 1, CD-ROM (2010).
• [10] A.S. Nowak, M. Lutomirska, and F.I. Sheikh Ibrahim, “The development of live load for long span bridges”, Bridge StructuresJ. 6, 73-79 (2010).
• [11] A.S. Nowak, P. Rakoczy, and J.M. Kulicki, WIM-based LiveLoad for Bridges, Transportation Research Board, Washington, 2012.
• [12] AASHTO, LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, 2011.
• [13] J. Eom and A.S. Nowak, “Live load distribution for steel girder bridges”, ASCE J. Bridge Eng. 6 (6), 489-497 (2001).
• [14] A.S. Nowak, A.M. Rakoczy, and E. Szeliga, “Revised statistical resistance models for r/c structural components”, ACI SPHonoring Andy Scanlon 1, 10 (2011).
• [15] A.M. Rakoczy and A.S. Nowak, “Resistance model of lightweight concrete members,” ACI Structural J., (2012), to be published.
• [16] A.S. Nowak and M. Kaszynska, “Target safety levels for design and evaluation of bridges”, Trans. Joining and WeldingRes. Inst. 32 (1), 189-196 (2003).
• [17] A.S. Nowak and H.H. El-Hor, “Serviceability criteria for prestressed concrete bridge girders”, Transportation ResearchBoard, Conf. Proc. 7 (2), 181-187 (1995).
• [18] A.S. Nowak, “Modeling human error in structural design and construction”, NSF Workshop Proc. 1, CD-ROM (1986).