Spatial approximation of impact test results of unit load

• Autorzy: Piątkowski T. , Sempruch J. , Tomaszewski T.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The paper presents an application proposal of B-spline surface of third order in the approximation of test results of unit load impact. The accelerations appearing during tests of free fall of the object from the height on undeformable ground were recorded by means of tri-axial acceleration sensor placed inside the tested load. An approximation was realized with the help of numeric optimization using the SQP method. The control points, forming initially the sphere surface, are the decision variables of the optimization task. The spatial visualization of data (using B-spline surface) is developed to streamline an interpretation and analysis of results recorded during tests. It allows precise load places determination, which require introduction of constructional modifications to improve the protective packaging properties.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

unit load; free fall test; B-spline surface; numerical optimization; impact

• Wydawca: Faculty of Ocean Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Journal of Polish CIMAC
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: Vol. 7, no 3
• Strony: 243--251
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 19 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Piątkowski T.

autor

Sempruch J.

autor

Tomaszewski T.

• University of Technology and Life Sciences ul. Prof. S. Kaliskiego 7, 85-789 Bydgoszcz, Poland tel.: [phone],

Bibliografia

• [1] Arnold B.F., Stahlecker P., Relative squared error prediction in the generalized linear regression model, Statistical Papers 44, 2003, 107-115.
• [2] ASTM D1596 – 97(2003), Standard test method for dynamic shock cushioning characteristics of packaging material.
• [3] ASTM D3332 – 99(2010), Standard test methods for mechanical-shock fragility of products, using shock machines.
• [4] ASTM D4169 – 09, Standard practice for performance testing of shipping containers and systems.
• [5] ASTM D5276 – 98(2009), Standard test method for drop test of loaded containers by free fall.
• [6] Foley JD., Dam A., Hughes J., Phillips R., Introduction to computer graphics, WNT, Warsaw, 2001.
• [7] Herbert H, Schueneman H., Packaging engineering, design and testing. A step-by-step approach for protection of fragile products, Package Test Laboratory Westpak, Inc., San Jose, CA95119, USA, 2000, www.westpak.com/techpapers/08_package_engineering_design_testing.pdf (accessed: 2010-09-04).
• [8] ISO 2248:1985, Packaging – Complete, filled transport packages – Vertical impact test by dropping.
• [9] ISO 4180:2009, Packaging – Complete, filled transport packages – General rules for the compilation of performance test schedules.
• [10] Khangaldy P, Schueneman H., Design parameters for deformable cushion systems. Package, Test Laboratory Westpak, Inc., San Jose, CA95119, USA, 2000, www.westpak.com/techpapers/02_design_parameters_de_formable_cushion_systems.pdf (accessed: 2010-09-04).
• [11] Kiciak P., Basis of curves and surfaces modeling, An application in computer graphics. WNT, Warsaw, 2005.
• [12] Low K.H., Drop-impact cushioning effect of electronics products formed by plates. Advances in Engineering Software 34, 2003, 31-50.
• [13] Piatkowski T., Active fence with flexible link, Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 48(6), 2010, 87-109.
• [14] Piatkowski T., Sempruch J, Model of inelastic impact of unit loads, Packaging Technology and Science, 22(1), 2009, 39-51, DOI: 10.1002/pts.825.
• [15] Piatkowski T., Sempruch J., Model of the process of load unit stream sorting by means of flexible active fence, Mechanism and Machine Theory, 43(5), 2008, 549-564, DOI:10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2007.05.004.
• [16] Pi_tkowski T., Sempruch J., Ranges of application of sorting manipulators, Journal of POLISH CIMAC, 3 (6), 2011, 235-244.
• [17] Precision Drop Tester PDT56ED, http://www.lansmont.com/DropTest/PDT56ED/Default.htm (accessed: 2011-06-15).
• [18] Shene CK, De Boor’s algorithm, http://www.cs.mtu.edu/~shene/COURSES/cs3621/NOTES/spline/de-Boor.html (accessed: 2011-04-14).
• [19] Xu X., Huang W., Russell R. D., Williams J. F., Convergence of de Boor's algorithm for the generation of equidistributing meshes, IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis 31, 2011, 580-596.