Barierowe, adhezyjne i elektrochemiczne aspekty działania systemów powłokowych na stali

• Autorzy: Miszczyk A.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Barrier, adhesional and electrochemical aspects of organic coatings on steel

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Powłoki organiczne są najbardziej powszechnie stosowanym i stosunkowo tanim sposobem ochrony przed korozj metalowych elementów i obiektów inżynierskich. Obecnie nie istnieją wiarygodne i skuteczne metody wyboru i oceny organicznych powłok przeciwkorozyjnych. Można to tłumaczyć skomplikowaniem kinetyki procesów elektrodowych na powierzchni metalowego podłoa pod powłok (w porównaniu z układami metal-elektrolit), co sprawia, e ustalenie faktycznego mechanizmu korozji jest dość skomplikowane. Ponadto, zachowanie systemu powłokowego podczas ekspozycji jest również złożone i zalety od wielu czynników. Duże nadzieje w zakresie badań układów powłokowych wiąże się z wykorzystaniem elektrochemicznej spektroskopii impedancyjnej (EIS), ale technika ta wymaga opracowania nowych rozwiązań eksperymentalnych. W celu wyjaśnienia problemów pojawiających się przy formułowaniu i ocenie właściwości powłok organicznych, konieczne jest stworzenie odpowiednich modeli i metod pomiaru. Niniejsza monografia przedstawia osiągnięcia autora w dziedzinie bada wielowarstwowych powłok organicznych na stali i przedstawia możliwości oceny ich właściwości ochronnych i mechanizmów działania. Uzyskane wyniki i wnioski zostały uporządkowane w oparciu o ogólnie przyjętą klasyfikację mechanizmów ochronnych powłok organicznych na podłożu stalowym. Zakłada się, że istnieją trzy mechanizmy, dzięki którym organiczne powłoki ochronne chronią metal przed korozją: -mechanizm barierowy (fizykochemiczny), -mechanizm adhezyjny, -mechanizm elektrochemiczny. Technika EIS została wykorzystana do badania i optymalizacji działania ochronnego każdego z tych mechanizmów. Obecnie systemy powłokowe wykazują wysoką, wieloletnią trwałość. Z tego powodu tradycyjne metody oceny właściwości barierowych nie mogą być stosowane. Zaproponowano wykorzystanie szoków termicznych i cyklicznych zmian temperaturowych do przyspieszonej degradacji systemów powłokowych na stali. Pomiary impedancyjne zostały uyte do monitorowania zmian wywołanych przez cykliczne zmiany temperatury. Uzyskane wyniki wykorzystano do wykazania skuteczności cyklicznych zmian temperaturowych dla przyspieszenia degradacji powłoki organicznej bez zmiany mechanizmu degradacji charakterystycznego dla naturalnych warunków. Dane dotyczące degradacji w warunkach cyklicznych temperaturowych interpretowano w oparciu o elektryczny schemat zastpczy modelujący badany układ. Udowodniono zasadność stosowania cykli temperaturowych poprzez wykazanie istotnego wpływu cyklicznej zmienności temperatury naturalnego środowiska atmosferycznego na trwałość systemów powłokowych. Opracowano i opatentowano krótkotrwały test wykorzystujący cykliczne narażenia temperaturowe w celu zastąpienia długotrwałych testów VDA 621–415 wykorzystywanych do oceny nowych powłok samochodowych w Niemczech.

EN

Organic coatings are the most common and cost effective mode of corrosion protection for metallic objects and engineering structures. Nowadays, there are no reliable and efficient methods for the choice of protective coatings and evaluation of their efficiency. This can be explained by the very complicated kinetics of electrode processes on coated surfaces (as compared to metal-electrolyte systems), which makes the determination of the actual mechanism of corrosion quite complicated. Additionally, the performance of coating system during exposure is also complex and depends on many factors. The great expectations are associated with the use of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique but new developments in this area are needed. In order to solve problems, which arise in formulating and evaluating the properties of organic coatings, it is necessary to provide appropriate models and methods. This monograph presents the author's achievements in the field of testing of multi-layer coating systems on steel and the evaluation of protective properties of these systems and mechanism of their activity. The presented results and findings were arranged based on the generally accepted classification of the protective mechanisms of organic coatings applied on a steel substrate. It is assumed that there are essentially three mechanisms by which organic coating systems protect against metal corrosion: . the barrier (physicochemical), . the adhesional, and . the electrochemical mechanisms. The EIS technique was used to test and optimize the protective effect of each of these mechanisms. The present coating systems exhibit a high, long-term durability. Traditional methods for assessing the barrier properties of coating systems are not applicable due to their high durability. The thermal shock and the temperature cycling methods were used to accelerate the degradation of organic coatings applied on steel substrate. EIS experiments were used to monitor the induced changes. The results were used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the cycling method at accelerating the degradation of an organic coating without changing the normal mechanism of degradation. Details of the cycling degradation were evaluated using an equivalent circuit to help to interpret the electrochemical impedance data. It justified the reason of use of temperature cycles because of the temperature variability of the natural environment of exposure. Short test was developed to replace long-term VDA 621–415 test used to evaluate new automotive coating systems in Germany. Procedures and apparatus developed for this purpose have been patented and are currently used in practice in the research laboratories of BASF, the patent holder. EIS provides a quantitative evaluation of the protection afforded by coatings on metals but for the first time this technique was applied for interlayer adhesion evaluation. Embedded sensors were used as an in situ adhesion-sensing device for steel substrate protected by automotive organic coatings. The use of embedded electrodes placed between a topcoat and primer can overcome EIS limitations and make EIS monitoring more applicable to coatings in the field. A two-electrode, nonsubstrate configuration involves two embedded electrodes on a coated panel acting as the working and counter/reference electrodes. This configuration has been used to characterize the interlayer adhesion between a topcoat and primer under the assumption that the current passed through the interlayer.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

systemy powłokowe; korozja

EN

corrosion; coatings

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Gdańskiej
• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Gdańskiej. Chemia
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: Nr 70(621)
• Strony: 3--96
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 271 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Miszczyk A.

• Katedra Elektrochemii, Korozji i Inynierii Materiałowej

Bibliografia

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