Risk assessment of sewage reuse on the sandy soil of the Abu-Rawash desert, Egypt

• Autorzy: Abdel-Shafy H. I. , Sayed S. A. , Yhaya-Omar T. M.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Ocena zużycia ścieków do nawadniania piaszczystej gleby na pustyni Abu-Rawash w Egipcie

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The arid and semi-arid countries suffer from the shortage of water resources as a result of insufficient rainfall to support agricultural activities. At present, 96.4% of Egyptian land areas are almost without any cultivation. Meanwhile, treated sewage water has been used for many decades as a source for irrigation in many countries. Recent studies consider treated sewage as a source of non-potable purposes rather thana source of environmental threat. In Egypt, sewage application in land takes place on sandy soil that suffers from an inherent lack of organic matter as well as micro- and macronutrients. One of such applications has been practised on sandy soil of Abu-Rawash Sewage Farm. The area of 105 hectares has been planned to expand to only 210 hectares. The farm re-ceives, presently, from 4000 to 5000 m3 of primarily treated sewage water per day. On the farm there are mainly citrus trees and some experimental fields of hardwood trees, flower plants and small experimental area intended to be used for sludge. Generally, the level of metals in sewage water is within low concentrations of mg/dm3, yet they still have the possibility of retaining them in variable concentrated forms. This takes place when metals are the constituents of the food chain and are absorbed by plants or retained by animals. The present subject is the fate of metals in the sandy soil of an Egyptian sewage farm that has been irrigated by primarily treated sewage water since 1944. The increasing demand for the sewage water being treated in such a way raises the question of what is the impact of sewage application on the sandy soil. What is the fate of heavy metals in soil at its variable depths, which, therefore, will affect the growing plant. What are the changes that take place in the case of such sandy soil of the desert.

PL

Kraje o suchym i pustynnym klimacie odczuwają deficyt wody spowodowany skąpymi opadami deszczu, które są konieczne w uprawie roli. Obecnie aż 96,4% obszaru Egiptu nie jest nie jest wcale uprawianych. W tym samym cza-sie oczyszczone ścieki przez wiele dziesięcioleci są używane w wielu krajach do nawadniania gleby. Zgodnie z najnowszymi badaniami oczyszczone ścieki uważa raczej za źródło wody nie nadającej się do picia. Niż za zagrożenie dla środowiska. W Egipcie ścieki stosuje się do nawadniania piaszczystej gleby pozbawionej substancji organicznych, a także makro- i mikroelementów. Jednym z przykładów takiego postępowania jest farma Abu-Rawash. Jej obszar 105 ha ma zostać powiększony do 210 ha. Na farmę tę dostarcza się obecnie od 4000 do 5000 m3 wstępnie oczyszczonych ścieków w ciągu jednego dnia. Hoduje się na niej głównie cytrusy i eksperymentalnie drzewa liściaste i kwiaty. Stężenie metali w ściekach jest niewielkie, a rośliny mogą je gromadzić w różnych stężonych formach. Tak dzieje się, gdy metale są w łańcuchu pokarmowym i pobierają je rośliny i zwierzęta. Przedmiotem tego artykułu jest los metali w piaszczystej glebie egipskiej farmy nawadnianej wstępnie oczyszczonymi ściekami od 1944 r. Wzrastające zapotrzebowanie na wodę ze ścieków używaną w ten sposób rodzi pytanie o jej wpływ na piaszczystą glebę. Chcemy znać los metali ciężkich w glebie w zależności od jej głębokości, co z kolei wpływa na rosnące rośliny. Chcemy wiedzieć, jakie zmiany zachodzą w tak nawadnianej glebie pustynnej.

• Wydawca: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
• Czasopismo: Environment Protection Engineering
• Rocznik: 2003
• Tom: Vol. 29, nr 1
• Strony: 5--21
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 28 poz., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Abdel-Shafy H. I.

• Water Research & Pollution Control Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

autor

Sayed S. A.

• Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt

autor

Yhaya-Omar T. M.

• Agriculture Research Centre, Giza, Cairo, Egypt

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