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In this paper the overview of the recent study on the rare-earth activated waveguides performed in the Optoelectronic Department of IMiO is presented. We reported on the development of rare earth-doped fluorozirconate (ZBLAN) glass fibers that allow a construction of a new family of visible and ultraviolet fiber lasers pumped by upconversion. Especially the performance of holmium devices is presented. The properties of laser planar waveguides obtained by the LPE process and the growth conditions of rare earths doped YAG layers are presented. In this paper we present also the theoretical study of the nonlinear operation of planar waveguide laser, as an example the micro disk Nd:YAG structure is discussed. We derived an approximate formula which relates the small signal gain in the Nd:YAG active medium and the laser characteristics, obtained for whispering-gallery modes and radial modes, to the output power and real parameters of the laser structure
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
97--102
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 26 poz., 10 rys.
Twórcy
autor
autor
autor
autor
autor
- Institute of Microelectronics and Optoelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, 75 Koszykowa Str., 00-662 Warsaw, Poland., m.malinowski@elka.pw.edu.pl
Bibliografia
- [1] R. Scheps, “Upconversion laser processes”, Prog. Quantum Electr. 20, 271–358 (1996).
- [2] R. Burkhalter, I. Dohnke, and J. Hullinger, “Growing of bulk crystals and structuring waveguides of fluoride materials for laser applications”, Progress in Crystals Growth and Characterization of Materials 42, 1–64 (2001).
- [3] D.S. Funk and J.G. Eden, “Glass fiber lasers in the ultraviolet and visible” IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron. 1, 784–791 (1995).
- [4] D.S. Funk, J.G. Eden, J.S. Osinski, and B. Lu, “Green, holmium-doped upconversion laser pumped by red semiconductor laser”, Electron. Lett. 33, 1958–1959 (1999).
- [5] J.Y. Allain, M. Monerie, and H. Poignant, “Room temperature cw tunable green upconversion holmium fibre laser”, Electron. Lett. 26, 261–262 (1990).
- [6] David S. Funk. S.B. Stevens, S.S. Wu, and J. Gary Eden, “Tuning, temporal, and spectral characteristics of the green (¸ » 549 nm), holium-doped fluorozirconate glass fiber laser”, IEEE JQE 32, 638–645 (1996).
- [7] D.S. Funk and J.G. Eden, “Laser diode pumped holmium doped fluorozirconate glass fiber laser in the green (¸ = 544–549 nm): power conversion, efficiency, pump acceptance bandwidth, and excited state kinetics”, IEEE JQE 37, 980–992 (2001).
- [8] A. Wnuk, M. Kaczkan, R. Piramidowicz, R. Mahiou, G. Bertrand, M.-F. Joubert, and M. Malinowski, “Dynamics of the up-conversion emission in holmium doped ZBLAN fiber”, Rad. Eff. Defects in Solids 158, 469–473 (2003).
- [9] M. Malinowski, A. Wnuk, Z. Frukacz, G. Chadeyron, R. Mahiou, S. Guy, and M.F. Joubert, “Room temperature photon avalanche in Ho3+ doped YAG, YAP, YLF and ZBLAN”, J. Alloys Comp. 323–324, 731–735 (2001).
- [10] P. Mockel, R. Plattner, W. Kruhler, A. Reichelt, and J. Grabmaier, “Miniature neodymium lasers (MNL) as possible transmitters for fiber-optic communication systems, Part 2. YAG:Nd3+ waveguide lasers”, Siemens Forsch.-u. Entwickl.-Ber. Bd. 5, 296–302 (1976).
- [11] N. Sugimoto, Y. Ohishi, Y. Katoh, A. Tate, M. Shimokozano, and S. Sudo, “A ytterbium- and neodymium-codoped yttrium aluminum garnet-buried channel waveguide laser pumped at 0.81 mm”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 67, 582–584 (1995).
- [12] M. Malinowski, J. Sarnecki, R. Piramidowicz, P. Szczepanski, and W. Wolinski, “Epitaxial RE3+:YAG planar waveguide lasers”, Opto-Electron. Rev. 9, 67–74 (2001).
- [13] M. Malinowski, A. Mossakowska-Wyszynska, R. Piramidowicz, P. Szczepanski, A. Tyszka-Zawadzka, Z. Frukacz, and I. Pracka, “Modelling of blue wavelength praseodymium waveguide lasers”, Acta Physica Polonica 97, 295–313 (2000).
- [14] M. Malinowski, R. Piramidowicz, J. Sarnecki, and W. Wolinski, “Infrared-to-blue wavelengths upconversion in GGG:Pr3+ thin film grown by liquid phase epitaxy”, J. Phys. Condens. Matter. 10, 1–8 (1998).
- [15] M. Nakielska, A. Wnuk, J. Sarnecki, and G. Gawlik, “Pr:YAG channel waveguides fabricated by H+ ion implantation”, VIII Electron Technology Conference ELTE 2004, Stare Jabłonki, FO-13, 320 (2004).
- [16] P. Moretti, M.F. Joubert, S. Tascu, B. Jacquier, M. Kaczkan, M. Malinowski, and J. Sarnecki, “Luminescence of Nd3+ in proton or helium-implanted channel waveguides in Nd:YAG crystals” Optical Materials 24, 315–319 (2003).
- [17] Y. Zhao, S.L. LaRochelle, E.J. Knystautas, N. Belanger, and A. Villeneuve, “Planar waveguides in ZBLAN fabricated by He ion implantation”, IPR paper Ith17, 174–176 (2000).
- [18] P. Lacovara, H.K. Choi, C.A. Wang, R.L. Aggarwal, and T.Y. Fan, “Room-temperature diode-pumped Yb:YAG laser”, Optics Letters 16 (14), 1089–1091 (1991).
- [19] D. Pelenc, B. Chambaz, I. Chartier, B. Ferrand, C. Wyon, D.P. Shepherd, D.C. Hanna, A.C. Large, and A.C. Tropper, “High slope efficiency and low threshold in a diode pumped epitaxially grown Yb:YAG waveguide laser”, Opt. Commun. 115, 491–497 (1995).
- [20] D. Pelenc, “Elaboration par epitaxie en phase liquide et caracterisation de couches monocristallines de YAG dope, realisation de laser guides d’onde neodyme et ytterbium a faibles seuils”, Ph. D. Thesis, Universite J. Fourieur, Grenoble, 1993.
- [21] M. Malinowski, M. Kaczkan, R. Piramidowicz, Z. Frukacz, and J. Sarnecki, “Cooperative emission in Yb3+:YAG planar epitaxial waveguides”, Journal of Luminescence 94–95, 29–33 (2001).
- [22] L. Djaloshinski and M. Orenstein, “Disk and ring microcavity lasers and their concentric coupling”, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 35, 737–743 (1999).
- [23] S.L. McCall, A.F.J. Levi, R. E. Slusher, S.J. Pearton, and R.A. Logan, “Whispering-gallery mode microdisk lasers”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 60, 289–291 (1992).
- [24] N.C. Frateschi and A.F.J. Levi, “Resonant modes and laser spectrum of microdisk lasers”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 66, 2932–2934 (1995).
- [25] M.K. Chin, D.Y. Chu, and S.T. Ho, “Approximate solution of the whispering gallery modes and estimation of spontaneous emission coupling factor for microdisk lasers”, Opt. Commun. 109, 467–471 (1994)
- [26] M. Nakielska, A. Mossakowska-Wyszynska, M. Malinowski, and P. Szczepanski, “Nd:YAG microdisk laser generating in the fundamental nmode”, Opt. Commun. 235, 435–443 (2004).
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Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BPG5-0005-0044