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In Direct or Semi-Direct Numerical Simulations of turbulent reacting flows the exploitation of complex, realistic and detailed chemistry and transport models often results in prohibitive memory and CPU requirements when flows of practical relevance are treated. The integrated Combustion Chemistry approach has recently been put forward as a methodology suitable for the integration of complex chemical kinetic and chemistry effects into large scale computational procedures for the calculation of complex and practical reacting flow configurations. Through this procedure, a reduced chemical kinetic scheme involving only a limited number of species and reactions is derived from a detailed chemical mechanism, so as to include major species and pollutants of interest in the main flow calculation. The chemical parameters employed in this integrated scheme i.e. rates, constants, exponents are then calibrated on the basis of a number of constraints and by comparing computations over a range of carefully selected laminar flames so as to match a rumber of prespecified flame properties such as adiabatic temperatures, selected target species profiles, flame speeds, extinction characteristcs. The present work describes such an effort for a commonly used fuel of both the fundamental and practical importance that often is used to simulate the performance of higher hydrocarbons in practical engine simulations, i.e. propane. The proposed nine-step scheme involves nine major stable species and in addition to the basic propane oxidation modei also includes NOx production and soot formation submodels.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
293--316
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 21 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
Bibliografia
- 1. P. A. LIBBY and F. A. WILLIAMS, Turbulent reacting flows, Abacus Press, New York 1993.
- 2. D. HAWORTH, B. CUENOT, T. POINSOT and R.BLINT, Numerical simulation of turbulent propane-air combustion with non-homogeneous reactants, Combustion and Flame, 121, 395-422, 2000.
- 3. W. K. BUSHE and R.W. BILGER, Direct numerical simulation of turbulent non-premixed combustion with realistic chemistry, Annual Research Briefs. Center for Turbulence Research, NASA Ames Stanford University, 3-22, 1998.
- 4. P. KOUTMOS, C. MAVRIDIS and D. PAPAILIOU, A study of turbulent diffusion flames formed by planar fuel injection into the wake formation region of a slender square cylinder, Proc. Combust. Inst., 26,161-168, 1996.
- 5. W. H. GREEN and D. A. SCHWER, Adaptive chemistry, Computational Fluid and Solid Mechanics, 32, 1209-1211, 2001.
- 6. K. M. LEUNG, P. R. LINDSTED and W. P. JONES, A simplified reaction mechanism for soot formation nonpremixed flames. Combust. and Flame, 87, 289-305, 1991.
- 7. C. KENNEL, J. GOTTGENS and N. PETERS, The basic structure of lean C3H8 flames, Proc. Comb. Inst., 23, 479-485, 1990.
- 8. U. MASS and S. B. POPE, Simplifying chemical kinetics: Intrinsic low-dimensional manifolds in composition space, Combustion and Flame, 88, 239-264, 1992.
- 9. B. BEDAT, F. N EGOLFOPOULOS and T. POINSOT, direct numerical simulations of heat release and NOx formation in turbulent non-premixed flames, Combustion and Flarne,119, 69-83, 1999.
- 10. P. R. LINDSTEDT, Simplified soot nucleation and surface growth steps for non-premixed flames, [in.] Soot Formation in Combustion, H. BOCKHORN [Ed.], pp. 417-429, Springer Verlag, Heidelberg 1994.
- 11. H. Bockhorn, F. MAUSS, A. SCHLEGEL, S. BUSER, and P. BENZ, NOx formation in lean premixed noncatalytic and catalytically stabilized combustion of propane, Proc. Combust. Inst., 25, 1019-1026, 1994.
- 12. V. R. KATTA, L. P. GOSS and W. M. ROQUEMORE, Effect of nonunity Lewis number and finite-rte chemistry on the dynamics a hydrogen-air jet diffusion flame, Combustion and Flame, 96, 60-74, 1994.
- 13. R. J. KEE, J. F. GRCAR, M. D. SMOOKE and J. A. MILLER, A Fortran program for modeling steady laminar one-dimensional premixed flames, Sandia National Laboratories, Livenmore, C. A., 1985.
- 14. H. TSUJI and I. YAMAOKA, Structure analysis of counterflow diffusion flames in the forward stagnation region of a porous cylinder, Proc. Combust. Inst., 13, 723-730, 1971.
- 15. W. P. JONES and P. R. LINDSTEDT, The calculation of the structure of laminar counter flow diffusion flames using a global reaction mechanism, Combust. and Flame, 61, 31-49, 1988.
- 16. J. A. WEHRMEYER, Z. CHENG, D. M. MOSBACHER, R. W. PITZ, and R. OSBORNE, Opposed jet flames of lean or rich premixed propane-air reactants versus hot products, Combust, and Flame, 128, 232-241, 2002.
- 17. S. H. WON, S. H. CHUNG, M. S. CHA, and B. J. LEE, Lifted flame stabilization in developing and developed regions of coflow jets for highly diluted propane, Proc. Combust. Inst., 28. 2093-2099, 2000.
- 18. J. C. HEWSON, Pollutant emissions from nonpremixed hydrocarbon flames, PhD. Thesis, University of California, San Diego 1997.
- 19. G. P. SMITH, D. M. GOLDEN, M. FRENKLACH, N. W. MORIARTY, B. EITENER et al., GRI-Mech version 3.0, http://www.me.berkeley.edu/gri-mech/
- 20. U. VANDSBURGER, I. KENNEDY, and I. GLASSMAN, Soot formation in oxygen enriched counterflow diffusion flames of C2 H4 and C3 Hs, Combust. Sci. and Technol., 39,263-285, 1984.
- 21. C. K. LAW, R. L. AXELBAUM, and W. L. FLOWER, Preferential difusion and concentration modification in sooting counterflow diffusion flames, Proc. Combust. Inst., 22, 379-386, 1988.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BPB1-0036-0014