Gleba i szata roślinna grądu typowego i zdegenerowanego Parku Zwierzynieckiego w Białymstoku

• Autorzy: Tyszkiewicz Z.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Soil and plant cover of typical and degenerated oak-hornbeam forests in Zwierzyniecki Park in Białystok

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Badania prowadzono w fitocenozie grądu typowego Tilio-Carpinetum typicum i grądu zdegenerowanego w formie pinetyzacji Pinus-Lamniastrum. Obie powierzchnie badawcze położone są na obszarze lasu komunalnego Park Zwierzyniecki, który znajduje się w południowej części Białegostoku. Grąd Tilio-Carpinetum typicum wchodzi w skład rezerwatu przyrody Las Zwierzyniecki. Grąd zdegenerowany leży przy zachodniej granicy tego rezerwatu. Powstał on przez usunięcie drzewostanu naturalnego, jakim był grąd typowy, rębnią zupełną i zalesienie zrębu sosną. Miało to miejsce około 50 lat temu. Celem badań było przeprowadzenie i porównanie charakterystyki szaty roślinnej i gleb grądu typowego i zdegenerowanego. Oba grądy wykazują duże podobieństwo, zarówno w wykształceniu szaty roślinnej, jak i gleb. Fitocenoza zastępcza ma wiele cech grądu typowego, co z pewnością świadczy, że przebiegają w niej procesy dynamiczne prowadzące do odtworzenia naturalnej postaci grądu.

EN

The studies were carried out in the natural oak-hornbeam forest Tilio-Carpinetum typicum and in the degenerated form in the stage of pinetization Pinus-Lamniastrum. Both stands were found in urban forest named the Zwierzyniecki Park, located in the southern part of the city of Białystok. Typical oak-hornbeam forest Tilio-Carpinetum typicum is protected as a nature reserve. The oak-hornbeam forest Pinus-Lamniastrum is located close to the western border of this reserve. This forest is the result of removing the natural tree stand (typical oak-hornbeam forest) 50 years ago, clear-cutting and afforestation the coupe with pines. The study plots were located in such a way that the qualitative and quantitative variations of soil fungi communities was affected only by changing in time vegetation of degenerated oak-hornbeam forest. The aim of the studies was to obtain and compare qualitative-quantitative structures of soil fungi communities in two different oak-hornbeam forests, which occurred on the same type of soil. On both permanently signed plots in typical and degenerated oak-hornbeam forest in stage of pinetization soil, plants and soil fungi were studied. The morphological structure of soil was examined in both plots in soil pits with depth of 200cm. The physical and chemical properties of soil samples taken from every soil horizon were measured. The samples of ectohumus were analysed as well. The structure of soil profile, nutrient distribution and other analytical properties of both soil profiles in two study plots were almost the same. On the basis of morphological and physical properties these soils were distinguished as Typic Brown Forest Podzolic Soils. Plant coverage and floral composition of both oak-hornbeam forests were determined on the basis of two releves. The typical oak-hornbeam forest features can be found in the degenerated oak-hornbeam forest. This means that in this forest the dynamic processes leading to restoration of natural form of oak-hornbeam forest occur. The differences in qualitative-quantitative structure of soil fungi communities of two oak-hornbeam forests are the results of changes in floral composition of Pinus-Lamniastrum. In the past, when typical oak-hornbeam forest covered whole studied area, the soil fungi communities were probably almost the same on both plots. The first change could have happened after removing trees, the second - after afforestation the coupe with pines. The second entrance of Tilio-Carpinetum typicum to the once occupied habitat causes changes in soil fungi community in the degenerated oak-hornbeam forest.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

gleba; szata roślinna; grąd

EN

soil; plant cover; oak-hornbeam forest

• Wydawca: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Białostockiej. Inżynieria Środowiska
• Rocznik: 2001
• Tom: Z. 12
• Strony: 121--141
• Opis fizyczny: ., Bibliogr. 44 poz., mapa, tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Tyszkiewicz Z.

• Politechnika Białostocka, Katedra Ochrony Gleby i Powierzchni Ziemi, ul. Wiejska 45 A, 15-351 Białystok