Extraction of valuable metals from amorphous solid wastes

• Autorzy: David E.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Purpose: This paper undertakes to assess what opportunities exist for the economical recovery of valuable metals from amorphous solid wastes that may be considered as"synthetic ores". Also, this work is an attempt to optimize a leaching process that is the most determinant step of hydrometallurgical process used to extract metals from ores. Design/methodology/approach: The samples of amorphous material formed from spent industrial catalysts based on Cu, Ni /gamma -Al203 were physically and chemically characterized by atomic absortion spectrometry (AAS) and chemical analysis for to determine the metals content. Then leaching studies were carried out under room temperature, atmospheric pressure and without gas injection in both sulphuric acid with hydrogen peroxide addition and ammoniacal media for to decide which of them would be the best treatment for this kind of waste materials. Also, the dissolution behaviour of Cu, Ni and Al metals was studied in order to assure the best metal recovery conditions in subsequent processes such as solvent extraction, precipitation or cementation techniques. Findings: The results revealed that addition of hydrogen peroxide to sulphuric acid up to 0.2 M H202 concentration enhanced leaching of metals remarkably and thereafter remained relatively constant. The highest extraction of metals was found to be 90% Cu, 85% Ni and 80% Al for the following experimental conditions: H2SO4 2M, H2O2 0.2 M, A 5:1 liquid to solid ratio (L/S).The use of ammoniacal media for leaching allowed the extraction of Cu, Ni and Al but rates of recovery were only about 45 % for Cu, 43 % for Ni and 44 % for Al, much lower than those obtained for sulphuric acid leaching. Research limitations/implications: The investigated process is suitable for all amorphous solid wastes with significant content in metals such as copper, nickel, aluminium. Practical implications: Promising directions for adaptation of appropriate and economic separation processes for recovery and recycling of valuable metals from amorphous solide wastes generated in significant amounts from different sectors were identified. Originality/value: A new route for wastes recycling that will became an unavoidable task not only for recovery the valuable metals and lowering catalysts costs but also for to prevent the environmental pollution.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

amorphous materials; leaching; copper; nickel; aluminium

PL

materiały amorficzne; ługowanie; miedź; nikiel; aluminium

• Wydawca: International OCSCO World Press
• Czasopismo: Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: Vol. 25, nr 1
• Strony: 15--18
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 10 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

David E.

• National Research Institute of Cryogenics & Isotope Technologies, P.O. Box 10, Rm. Valcea, Code 240050, Romania,

Bibliografia

• [1] E.A. Abdel-Aal, M.M. Rashad, Kinetic study on the leaching of spent nickel oxide catalyst with sulphuric acid, Hydrometallurgy 74 (2004) 189-194.
• [2] V. Sandra et al., Recovery of Vanadium from Heavy Oil and Fly Ashes, Hydrometallurgy 57 (2000) 141-149.
• [3] J. Gaballah, N. Kanari, M. Djona, Use of chlorine for mineral processing, metal extraction and recycling via synthesis of new reagent, Chloride Metallurgy 1 (2002) 203-225.
• [4] O. Cakir, Copper etching with cupric chloride and regeneration of waste etchant, Proceedings of the 12th International Scientific Conference on "Achievements in Mechanical and Materials Engineering" AMME'2003, Gliwice-Zakopane, 2003, 139-143.
• [5] B. Formanek, Aluminocarbothermal synthesis of composite powders with intermetallic phases and dispersion oxides, Proceedings of the 9th International Scientific Conference on "Achievements in Mechanical and Materials Engineering" AMME'2000, Gliwice-Zakopane, 2000, 191-194.
• [6] B.B. Kar, P. Datta, et al., Spent catalysts as a secondary source for molybdenum recovery, Hydrometallurgy 72 (2002) 87-92.
• [7] P.K. Seo, C.G. Kany, The effect of raw material fabrication process on microstructural characteristics in reheating process for semi-solid forming, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 162-163 (2005) 402-410.
• [8] M.K. Jha, V. Kumar, R.J. Singh, Review of hydrometallurgical recovery of zinc from industrial wastes, Resources. Conservation and Recycling 33 (2001) 1-22.
• [9] B.Gomez, E. Gordo, E.M. Ruiz-Navas, J.M. Torralba. Influence of the chemical composition and particle size on the metal matrix, on TiCN-reinforced Fe-based composites, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 17 (2006) 57-61.
• [10] O. Cakir, H. Temel, M. Kiyak, Chemical etching of Cu-ETP copper, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 162-163 (2005) 275-280.