Phosphorus in iron alloys surface engineering

• Autorzy: Nowacki J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Purpose: Purpose consideration of role of phosphorus in iron alloys surface engineering and relations of the iron phosphides layers growth parameters in processes of phosphorising, phosphorcarburising, and phosphonitriding with their structure and properties. Design/methodology/approach: The layers were generated on a base of Armco iron and 0.4%C, 1.1% Cr steel as a result of annealing in a mixture of argon or carburising, nitriding atmosphere and phosphorus vapours in: temperature T = 700 - 1170 K, phosphorus partial pressure p = 0.1 - 20 kPa, process duration t = 3.6 - 21.6 ks. The diffusion layers were investigated by means of the methods: metallographic, X - ray structural analysis, microanalysis, Vickers and wear dry friction resistance tests. Findings: Formation of compact layer of phosphides with the adjustable relation of Fe3P to Fe2P was described; means of growth and kinetics of iron phosphides layers and phosphocarburised and phosphonitrided were explained, it was found that iron phosphides presence in steel surface increases its hardness and resistance to wear. Research limitations/implications: Research implications it was found that nucleation Fe3P crystals starts in areas of surface being found in a certain distance from iron grains boundaries and the growth process of iron phosphide continuous layers is an effect of iron diffusion through phosphide layer from the core towards the surface. In advanced phases of the iron phosphide layer growth, a gap between the layer and the base is created as a process of degradation of the base layer interface. Practical implications: it has found that the obtained layers are new kind of composites diffusive layers with iron phosphide particles generated as a result of phosphorising, phosphorcarburising or phosphonitriding with very promising tribobiological properties. Originality/value: An original value of the paper is description of the formation elementary processes, structure and properties of the layers.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

metallic alloys; mechanical properties; metallography; materials design; surface treatment

PL

stopy metaliczne; właściwości mechaniczne; metalografia; projektowanie materiałowe; obróbka powierzchniowa

• Wydawca: International OCSCO World Press
• Czasopismo: Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: Vol. 24, nr 1
• Strony: 57--67
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 14 poz., fot., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Nowacki J.

• Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Szczecin University of Technology, Al. Piastów 19, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland,

Bibliografia

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• [2] Adamczyk, A. Grajcar, Structure and Mechanical properties of DP - type and TRIP type sheets obtained after the thermomechanical processing, Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Achievements in Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Gliwice - Wisła, 2005, 7-12.
• [3] J. Kotusky, Modelling of heterogenous structure materials - important contribution to the optimalisation of forming and heat treatment of structural steels, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 20 (2007) 579-584.
• [4] B. Smoljan, N. Tomasic, D. Rubesa, S. Smokowina Hanza, Simulation of hardness distribution in quenched steel specimen, Proceeding of the 13th International Conference on Achievements in Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Gliwice - Wisła, 2005, 597-600.
• [5] J. Pacyna, P. Bała, T. Skrzypek, The Kinetic of phase formation during continuus heating from quenched state of new high carbon alloy steel, Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Achievements in Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Gliwice - Wisła, 2005, 510-512.
• [6] Wustenfeld, Verfaren zur Eindiffusio der Elemente Bor, Silizium und Phosphor in Metaloberflache, Patent Germany Nr 2429948.
• [7] W. Schluchter, Method of Rust-Proofing Iron or Steel, Patent USA, Nr 1.761.963.
• [8] J. Nowacki, The Means of Thermochemical Treatment of Steel and Cast Iron Machine Elements, Patent PL 164780 B1.
• [9] W. Kamiński, Heat Conduction in the Multilayer Composites, International Conference on Composites Engineering ICCE/I, University of New Orlean, USA, 1994, 777-778.
• [10] J. Nowacki, Structure and properties of thin iron phosphides films on carburised layers, Surface and Coatings Technology 180/181 (2004) 566-569.
• [11] J. Nowacki, Nucleation, growth and properties of thin layers of iron phosphides, Surface Coatings Technology 151 (2002) 114-117.
• [12] J. Nowacki, Modification of Composite Nitrided Layers by Phosphorus Compounds, Surface Coatings Technology 125 (2000) 9-12.
• [13] J. Nowacki, Mathematical and Chemical Description of Friction of Diffusive Phosphorized Iron, Wear 173 (1994) 51-57.
• [14] S. Strzelecki, Optimisation of Tribological Properties of Phosphorised Layers, Proceedings of the 6th International Congress on Tribology - Eurotrib, Budapest, 1993, 303-307.