Thermodynamical motivation of the Polish energy policy

• Autorzy: Ziębik A.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Basing on the first and second law of thermodynamics the fundamental trends in the Polish energy policy are analysed, including the aspects of environmental protection. The thermodynamical improvement of real processes (reduction of exergy losses) is the main way leading to an improvement of the effectivity of energy consumption. If the exergy loss is economically not justified, we have to do with an error from the viewpoint of the second law analysis. The paper contains a thermodynamical analysis of the ratio of final and primary energy, as well as the analysis of the thermo-ecological cost and index of sustainable development concerning primary energy. Analyses of thermo-ecological costs concerning electricity and centralized heat production have been also carried out. The effect of increasing the share of high-efficiency cogeneration has been analyzed, too. Attention has been paid to an improved efficiency of the transmission and distribution of electricity, which is of special importance from the viewpoint of the second law analysis. The improvement of the energy effectivity in industry was analyzed on the example of physical recuperation, being of special importance from the point of view of exergy analysis.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

cogeneration; energy effectiveness; energy policy; exergy; exergy losses; thermoecological cost; Waste-heat recovery

PL

efektywność energetyczna; egzergia; kogeneracja; koszt termoekologiczny; odzysk ciepła; polityka energetyczna; straty egzergii

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Instytutu Maszyn Przepływowych PAN ; Komitet Termodynamiki i Spalania PAN
• Czasopismo: Archives of Thermodynamics
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: Vol. 33, no. 4
• Strony: 3--21
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 10 poz.,

Twórcy

autor

Ziębik A.

• Silesian University of Technology, Institute of Thermal Technology, Konarskiego 22, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland

Bibliografia

• [1] Weizsäcker E.U., Lovins A.B., Lovins L.H.: Factor four. Doubled well being twice smaller consumption of natural resources. Droemersche Verlagsanstalt Th. Knaur Nachf, München 1996 (in German).
• [2] Szargut J.: Exergy method. Technical and ecological applications. WIT Press, Southampton, Boston 2005.
• [3] Szargut J., Sama D.: Practical rules of the reduction of exergy losses caused by the thermodynamic imperfection of thermal processes. In: Proc. the Second Int. Thermal Energy Cong., E. Bilgren et al. Eds., Agadir 1995, 782–785.
• [4] Szargut J., Ziębik A.: Fundamentals of thermal engineering. PWN, Warsaw 2000 (in Polish).
• [5] Sama D.: The use of the second law of thermodynamics in the design of heat exchangers, heat exchanger networks and processes. In: Proc. of ENSEC 1993, Cracow, 53–76.
• [6] Directive 2004/8/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 February 2004 on the promotion of cegeneration based on a useful heat demand in the internal energy market and amending Directive 92/42/EC.
• [7] Ziębik A, Szargut J., Stanek W. (Eds.): Analysis of the possibility of decreasing the thermodynamic imperfections of the processes of supplying electricity, heat and cooling agent in the view-point of sustainable development. Polish Academy of Sciences – Committee of Thermodynamic and Combustion, Warsaw 2006.
• [8] Stanek W.: Method of evaluation of ecological effects in thermal processes with the application of exergy analysis. Publishers Politechnika Śląska, Gliwice 2009 (in Polish).
• [9] Szargut J., Ziębik A., Stanek W.: Depletion of the non-renewable natural exergy resources as a measure of the ecological cost. Energy Conversion and Management, 42(2002), 1149-1163.
• [10] Polish energy policy up to 2030. Ministry of Economy, Warsaw 2009 (in Polish).