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Life form spectrum is an informative parameter in a comparative analysis of ecological structure of Collembola communities, and a valuable indicator of conditions of soil environment. This suggests a search of adequate methods of its determination. In the present study, two methods of evaluation of life form spectra in springtail communities are compared. A usual approach is a determination of the species composition and abundance, with a subsequent formal distribution of the species present among the life form categories of a chosen system, e.g. among epedaphic, hemiedaphic and euedaphic life forms considered as dwellers of litter surface and upper horizon, of litter depth and topsoil, and of soil horizon, respectively (Hopkin 1997). By this method (A) all the specimens of a given species are attributed to the same life form. However, species populations contain juveniles with smaller body size, thinner cuticle and weaker pigmentation, which tend to be more sensitive to environmental constraints and to dwell deeper in soil than adults. Therefore the attribution of juveniles and adults of a given species to the same life form may not be accurate. Another approach is a direct attribution of a life form category to each collembolan individual during the determination process, according to the visual assessment of its morphological characters (body size and development of pigmentation, number and pigmentation of ommatidia). In that case representatives of a given species might be attributed to more than one life form category, e.g. adults to epedaphic whereas juveniles to hemiedaphic life form, or to hemi- and euedaphic life form, respectively (method B). To compare both methods, mass collembolan material of a microcosm experiment carried out in a beech-oak forest at Mikolajki Research Station (NE Poland) and aimed at investigation of mesofauna/earthworm interactions, was used. The comparison showed a statistically significant bias between the spectra of Collembola life forms estimated by methods A and B: the latter spectrum was shifted to the favour of euedaphic forms. The range of the bias was larger in soil than in litter horizon. Method B is suggested to be closer to a real life form distribution in a collembolan community and may be used for corrections of the data obtained by the traditional taxonomic method A.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
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Tom
Strony
201--206
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 23 poz.,Rys., tab.,
Twórcy
autor
autor
autor
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre for Ecological Research in Dziekanów Leśny, Konopnickiej 1, Dziekanów Leśny, 05-092 Łomianki, Poland, karaban.k@cbe-pan.pl
Bibliografia
- 1. Babenko A.B., Kuznetsova N.A., Potapov M.B., Stebaeva S.K., Khanislamova G.M., Chernova N.M. 1988 – Key-book of USSR Collembola – Nauka Publ. House, Moscow, 213 pp. (in Russian).
- 2. Bockeműhl J. 1956 – Die Apterygoten des Spitzbergs bei Tűbingen, eine faunistisch-őkologische Untersuchung – Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. 84: 113–194.
- 3. Chernova N.M. 1977 – Zoological successions in the course of decomposition of plant remains – Nauka Publ. House, Moscow, 200 pp. (in Russian).
- 4. Chernova N.M. 1988 – Collembolan populations (In: Key-book of Collembola of the USSR fauna, Ed. N.M. Chernova) – Nauka Publ. House, Moscow, pp. 45–51 (in Russian).
- 5. Christiansen K. 1964 – Bionomics of Collembola – Ann. Rev. Entomol. 9: 147–248.
- 6. Faber J.H., Joosse E.N.G. 1993 – Vertical distribution of Collembola in a Pinus nigra organic soil – Pedobiologia, 37: 336–350.
- 7. Fjellberg A. 1998 – The Collembola of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Part I: Poduromorpha – Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 35, Koninklijke Brill, 183 pp.
- 8. Fjellberg A. 2007 – The Collembola of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Part II: Entomobryomorpha and Symphypleona – Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 42, Koninklijke Brill, 230 pp.
- 9. Gisin H. 1943 – Őkologie und Lebensgemeinschaften der Collembolen im Schweizerischen Exkursionsgebiet Basels – Rev. Suisse Zoologique, 50: 131–224.
- 10. Hopkin S.P. 1997 – Biology of the springtails (Insecta: Collembola) – Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, UK, 330 p.
- 11. Kuznetsova N.A. 2005 – Community organization of soil dwelling Collembola – Prometei Publ. Moscow, 244 pp. (in Russian).
- 12. Larink O. 1997 – Springtails and mites: Important knots in the food web of soils (In: Fauna in soil ecosystems: recycling processes, nutrient fluxes, and agricultural production, Ed. G. Benckiser) – Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, pp. 225–264.
- 13. Macfadyen A. 1961 – Improved funnel-type extractors for soil microarthropods – J. of Animal Ecol. 30: 171–184.
- 14. Pflug A., Wolters V. 2002 – Collembola communities along a European transect – Eur. J. Soil Biol. 38: 371–374.
- 15. Pomorski R.J. 1998 – Onychiurinae of Poland (Collembola: Onychiuridae) – Genus (Suppl.), Wroclaw, 201 pp.
- 16. Potapov M. 2001 – Isotomidae – (In: Synopses of Palaearctic Collembola 3, Ed. W. Dunger) – Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, GÖrlitz, 603 pp.
- 17. Rusek J. 1989 – Ecology of Collembola – (In: 3rd Int. Seminar on Apterygota, Ed. R. Dallai) – Siena, pp. 271–281.
- 18. Rusek J. 1998 – Biodiversity of Collembola and their functional role in the ecosystem – Biodiv. Conserv. 7: 1207–1219
- 19. Rusek J. 2007 – A new classification of Collembola and Protura life forms (In: Contributions to Soil Zoology in Central Europe II. Central European Workshop on Soil Zoology /8/ Eds: K. Tajovský, J. Schlaghamerský, V. Pižl) – České Budéjovice, pp. 109–115.
- 20. Stebaeva S.K. 1970 – Life forms in springtails (Collembola) – Zoological Journal (Russia) 49: 1437–1454 (in Russian).
- 21. Stebaeva S.K. 1988 – Life forms (In: Key-book of Collembola of the USSR fauna, Ed. N.M. Chernova) – Nauka Publ. House, Moscow, pp. 33–35 (in Russian).
- 22. Sterzyńska M. 2009 – Assemblages of soil Collembola in wetlands in the floodplains of some Polish rivers – Museum and Institute of Zoology Pol. Acad. Sci. Warsaw.
- 23. Tarastschuk M.V. 1987 – Seasonal numbers and vertical distribution dynamics in springtails (Collembola, Apterygota) (In: Soil Fauna and Soil Fertility. Proc. of the 9th Intl. Colloq. on Soil Zoology, Eds. B.R. Striganova et al.) – Nauka Publ. House, Moscow, pp. 766–769.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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