Ecological importance of meadow patches in protected forest area : floristic diversity and the dynamics of insect communities

• Autorzy: Dąbrowska-Prot E. , Wasiłowska A.
• Konferencja: All-Poland Scientific Conference "Interspecies Relationships at Levels of Organization" (2009 ; Krasnobród)
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The present studies deal with the practical and theoretical problems of meadows in structure and functioning of the forest complex. Floristic, phytosociological and entomological studies involved fragments of two meadows located in large forest complex Kampinos National Park (Central Poland): a 'mid-forest' meadow surrounded by forest and 'near-forest' meadow situated in the boundary between forest and open area. The plant community developed on mid-forest meadow can be classified as Lysimachio-Filipenduletum ulmarie Hadc et al. 1997, on near-forest meadow as Deschampsietum caespitose Horvatic 1930. Both studied meadow communities are very widespread in Kampinos National Park and in whole Poland. Insect community containing various trophic guilds from Chloropidae family (Diptera) was chosen as representative of the entomocoenosis. From the standpoint of landscape ecology the processes of plant and insects species dispersion from meadow to forest and vice versa, across the forest meadow ecotone were analysed. The obtain results revealed that the meadows and their ecotones are refuge habitats for many plant and Chloropidae species increasing plant and entomofauna biodiversity of forest landscape. Proximity of meadows did not cause significant changes in the floristic composition of forest vegetation. Fears concerning the negative impact of meadows on natural forest vegetation through penetration of alien plant species and phytophagous Chloropidae seem to be unfounded. Ecotone was an important barrier for most plant and Chloropidae species in their dispersion from meadow to forest and vice versa. In the case of mid-forest meadow 93% of plant species did not cross ecotone, for near-forest meadow it was 83%. A high index of dispersion of Chloropidae species in mid-forest transect and poor differentiation of their numbers between zones indicate substantial colonisation of the whole system by Chloropidae, however, ecological properties of this fauna (saprophage species, a lack of distinct dominant, low density) minimised the risk it might pose to meadow complex or to adjacent forest. Near-forest meadow with much richer and diverse Chloropidae fauna contributed minimally to the fauna of ecotone and adjacent forest. Only 25% of species number of Chloropidae colonised all zones of the transect there and their majority (55%) exclusively inhabited the meadow ecosystem. It was found, that, from the point of view of natural forest protection, the role of adjacent meadows is very significant. They make 'traps' for certain groups of phytophagous insects.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Chloropidae community; forest ecotone; mid-forest meadow; national park; near-forest meadow; plant species distribution

PL

ekoton lasu; mchówki; park narodowy; społeczność; śródleśna łąka

• Wydawca: Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Ecology
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: Vol. 58, nr 4
• Strony: 741--758
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 46 poz.,Il., tab.,

Twórcy

autor

Dąbrowska-Prot E.

autor

Wasiłowska A.

• Department of Antarctic Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ustrzycka 10/12, 02-141 Warsaw, Poland,

Bibliografia

• 1. Balcerkiewicz S., Pawlak G. 1999 – Polana śródleśna po kilku latach od zaprzestania użytkowania rolniczego (studium geobotaniczne) [Forest clearing after a dosen ar so years from leaving off agricultural use (geobotanic study)] – Prz. Przyr. 8: 149–154 (in Polish).
• 2. Braun-Blanquet J. 1964 – Pflanzensoziologie, Grundzuge der Vegetatioskunde – Springer, Wien-New York, 865 pp.
• 3. Burges R .L., Sharpe D.M. 1981 – Forest islands dynamics in man dominated landscape Springer-Verlag, New York, Hedelberg, Berlin, 310 pp.
• 4. Chmielewski T.J. 2003 – Plan Ochrony Kampinoskiego Parku Narodowego – teoria i praktyka [Protection plan for Kampinos National Park – theory and practice] (In: Kampinoski Park Narodowy, T. 2 [Kampinos National Park Vol. 2], Ed: R. Andrzejewski) – Kampinoski NP., Izabelin, 303–330 (in Polish, English summary).
• 5. Dąbrowska-Prot E. 1984 – Structural and functional characteristics of Chloropidae community in an industrial landscape – Pol. Ecol. Stud. 10: 111–140.
• 6. Dąbrowska-Prot E. 1991 – The role of forest islands in the shaping of the structure and functioning of entomofauna in an agricultural landscape – Ekol. pol. 39: 481–516.
• 7. Dąbrowska-Prot E. 1995 – The effect of forest-field ecotones on biodiversity of entomofauna and its functioning in agricultural landscape (In: Forest islands in the landscape of Masurian Lakeland: ecotones between forest and fields, Ed: E. Dąbrowska-Prot ) – Ekol. pol. 43: 51–78.
• 8. Dąbrowska-Prot E. 1999a – The influence of forest management practices on the biodiversity of ecotones (In: Evaluation of the impact of forest management practices on biological diversity in Central Europe, Eds: K. Rykowski,G. Matuszewski, E. Lenart) – Forest Research Institute, Warsaw, pp. 31–46.
• 9. Dąbrowska-Prot E. 1999b – Influence of agricultural landscape on biodiversity of entomofauna communities (In: Insect population growth and environment, Ed: C.A. Barlow) – Carlton Univ. Ottawa, pp. 57–67.
• 10. Dąbrowska-Prot E. 2000 – Ecological problems of habitat islands in the landscape, with particular reference to forest islands (In: Ecology of forest islands, Ed: J. Banaszak) – Wyd. Akad. Bydgoskiej, Bydgoszcz, pp. 169–183.
• 11. Dąbrowska-Prot E., Wasiłowska A. 2008 – Znaczenie ekotonów polno-leśnych w krajobrazie [The importance of field-forest ecotones in landscape] (In: Krajobraz i bioróżnorodność [Landscape and biodiversity], Ed: S. Karczmarek) – Wyd. Akad. Bydgoskiej, Bydgoszcz, pp. 129–150 (in Polish).
• 12. Didham R .K. 1997 – An overview of invertebrate responses to forest fragmentation (In: Forest and insects, Eds: A.D. Watt, N.E Stark, M.D. Hunter) – Chapman and Hall, London: pp. 302–320.
• 13. Diehl B. 2003 – Sukcesja roślinna na Łąkach Strzeleckich a zmiany w zespołach ptaków [Succesional changes in bird communities in Strzeleckie Meadows] (In: Kampinoski Park Narodowy, T. 1 [Kampinos National Park, Vol. 1], Ed: R. Andrzejewski) – Kampinoski NP., Izabelin, pp. 717–728 (in Polish, English summary).
• 14. Duda S. 1999 – Leśne łąki wyjęte spod prawa [Mid-forest meadows exempt from the law] – Las Polski 2: 18–20 (in Polish).
• 15. Falińska K. 1989a – Plant populations processes in the course of forest succession in abandoned meadows. I. Variability and diversity of floristic compositions and biological mechanisms of species turnover – Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 58: 441–467.
• 16. Falińska K. 1989b – Plant populations processes in the course of forest succession in abandoned meadows. II Demography of succession promoters – Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 58: 469–493.
• 17. Falińska K. 1999a – Seed bank pattern and floristic composition of vegetation in a meadow abandoned for 20 years – Fragm. Flor. Geobot. 1/2: 91–110.
• 18. Falińska K. 1999b – Mosaic pattern of vegetation and pattern of seed bank on meadows abandoned for 20 years – Phytocoenosis 11 suppl. Cart. Geobot.11: 199–211.
• 19. Ferchmin M. 1990 – Projekt ochrony czynnej ekosystemów półnaturalnych (np. łąk) w Kampinoskim Parku Narodowym [Motion for active protection of semi-natural ecosystems (e.g. meadows) in Kampinos National Park] – Prądnik, 2: 111–113 (in Polish).
• 20. Forman R .T.T. 1995 – Land mosaics. The ecology of landscape and regions – Cambridge Univ. Press, 632 pp
• 21. Frączek M. 1997 – Proces sukcesji wtórnej na łące Kurnikówka w Pienińskim Parku Narodowym [Secondary succession on the Kurinkówka meadow in Pieniny National Park] – Prz. Przyr. 8: 121–130 (in Polish).
• 22. Gardi C., Tomaselli M., Parisi V., Petraglia A., Santini C. 2002 – Soil quality indicators and biodiversity in northern Italian permanent grasslands – Eur. J. Soil Biol. 34: 103–110.
• 23. Gilarow M.S. 1965 – Zoologičeskij metod dignostiki počv [Zoological methods of soil dignostic] – J. Zool. Nauka, 278 pp. (in Russian).
• 24. Hodgson J.G., Montserrat-Marti G., Tallowin J., Thompson K., Diaz S., Cabido M., Grime J. P., Wilson P.J., Band S. R., Bogard A., Cabido R., Cáceres D., Castro-Diez P., Ferrer C., Maestro-Martinez M., Pérez-Rontomé M.C., Charles M., Cornelissen J.H.C., Dabbert S., Pérez-Harguindeguy N., Krimly T., Sijtsma F. J., Strijker D., Vendramini F., Guerrero-Campo J., Hynd A., Jones G., Romo-Diez A., Torres Espuny L., Villar-Salvador P, Zak M.R . 2003 – How much will it cost to save grassland diversity – Biol. Conserv. 122: 263–273.
• 25. Klimek S., Kemmermann A.R ., Hofmann M., Isselstein J. 2007 – Plant species richness and composition in managed grasslands: The relative importance of field management and environmental factors – Biol. Conserv. 134: 559–570.
• 26. Koch W.F. 1957 – Index of biotal dispersity – Ecology, 38: 145–148.
• 27. Kochanowska R. 1997 – Przyrodnicze konsekwencje regresu gospodarki łąkowej na Pomorzu Zachodnim [The consequences of a grassland management’s regress in Western Pomerania] – Prz. Przyr. 8: 73–76 (in Polish).
• 28. Kotiluoto R. 1998 – Vegetation changes in restored semi-natural meadows in the Turku Archipelago of SW Finland – Plant Ecol. 136: 53–67.
• 29. Kotze D.J., Samways M.J. 2001 – No general edge effects for invertebrates at Afromontane forest/grassland ecotones – Biodivers. Conserv. 10: 443–466
• 30. Kucharski L., Michalska-Hejduk D. 2003 Zbiorowiska łąkowe i murawowe [Meadow and grassland communities] (In: Kampinoski Park Narodowy, T. 1 [Kampinos National Forest, Vol. 1], Ed: R. Andrzejewski) – Kampinoski NP, Izabelin, pp. 339–360 (in Polish with English summary).
• 31. Ministerstwo Ochrony Środowiska, Zasobów Naturalnych i Leśnictwa 1997 Polityka Leśna Państwa [Ministry of Environmental Protection, Natural Resources and Forestry. Policy of forest management in Poland] – Warszawa, pp. 27 (in Polish).
• 32. Murcia C. 1995 – Edge effects in fragmented forests: implications for conservation – Tree 10, 2: 58–62.
• 33. Narčuk E.P. 1962 – K faunie zlakovych much (Diptera, Chloropidae) Leningradzkiej oblasti [Chloropidae (Diptera) fauna of Leningrad district] – Izd. Nauka, Moscov, pp. 250–276 (in Russian).
• 34. Nowacka W., Burdajewicz S. 1994 – Entomofauna polan śródleśnych na terenie nadleśnictwa Gwda Wielka. Część I – Auchenorhyncha [Entomofauna of mid-forest meadows. Part I. Auchenorhyncha] – Wiad. Entomol. 13: 81–86 (in Polish).
• 35. Olechowicz E. 1971 – The number of emerged Diptera and their elimination (In: Productivity investigation of two meadows in the Vistula Valley, Ed: A. Breymeyer) – Ekol. pol. 19: 183–195.
• 36. Olechowicz E. 2003 – Entomofauna gleby i runa różnych ekosystemów Puszczy Kampinoskiej [Entomofauna of soil and herb layer in different ecosystems of Kampinos Forest] (In: Kampinoski Park Narodowy, T. 1 [Kampinos National Park, Vol. 1], Ed: R. Andrzejewski) Kampinoski NP., Izabelin, pp. 511–524 (in Polish, English summary).
• 37. Pawłowski B. 1972 – Skład i budowa zbiorowisk roślinnych oraz metody ich badania [The composition and structure of plant communities and methods of their research] (In: Szata roślinna Polski, cz. I [The vegetation of Poland, part. I], Eds: Szafer W., K. Zarzycki) – PWN, Warszawa, pp. 237-279 (in Polish).
• 38. Pielou E.C., 1966 – Shannon’s formula as a measure of specific diversity: its use and discus – Am. Nat. 100: 463–465.
• 39. Pykälä J., Luoto M., Heikkinen R.K., Kontula T. 2005 – Plant species richness and persistence of rare plants in abandoned semi-natural grasslands in northern Europe – Basic Appl. Ecol. 6: 25–33.
• 40. Rozbicki J., Czępińska-Kamińska D., Pawluśkiewicz M. 2004 – Gospodarka rolna na terenie Kampinoskiego Parku Narodowego [Agricultural management within Kampinos National Park] (In: Kampinoski Park Narodowy, T. 2 [Kampinos National Park, Vol. 2], Ed: R. Andrzejewski) – Kampinoski NP, Izabelin, pp. 51–75 (in Polish, English summary).
• 41. Shannon C.E., Weaver W. 1963 – The mathematical theory of communication – Univ. of Illionois Press, Urbana, 117 pp.
• 42. Traczyk T. 1966 – Plant communities of Strzeleckie Meadows in Kampinos Forest – Ekol. pol. 14: 285–299.
• 43. Zarzycki Z. 1984 – Ekologiczne liczby wskaźnikowe roślin naczyniowych Polski [Ecological indicators of vascular plants of Poland] – Instytut Ekologii PAN, Kraków (in Polish).
• 44. Zawadzki S. 1999 – Gleboznawstwo [Soil science]– PWRiL, Warszawa, pp. 560 (in Polish).
• 45. Zeichmeister H.G., Schimitzberger I., Steurer B., Peterseil J., Wrbka T. 2003 The influence of land-use practices and economics on plant species richness in meadows Biol. Conserv. 114: 165–177.
• 46. Zobel K., Zobel M., Roen E. 1994 – An experimental test of diversity maintenance mechanisms, by a species removal experiment in species-rich wooded meadow – Fol. Geobot. Phytotaxon. 29: 448–457.