PL EN


Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników
Tytuł artykułu

Small scale spatial pattern of a soil seed bank in an old-growth deciduous forest

Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
We studied an old growth deciduous forest seed bank to examine how its potential role in regeneration is shaped by natural forest environment. Our research questions were: is the spatial pattern of seed bank influenced by local variation in elevation, soil moisture and light intensity, and what is the impact of herb layer characteristics on seed bank pattern. We recorded species composition of the herb layer and seed bank on a 2 x 40 m study plot divided into 20 quadrates, situated in a natural oak-hornbeam forest, in the Białowieża Primeval Forest, (NE Poland). Soil cores were sampled from two soil layers (0-5 cm and 5-10 cm) yielding altogether 40 samples of a total 15.9 dm[^3] and 0.159 m[^2]. Seeds were extracted from soil samples under a microscope. Ellenberg indicator values were used to characterize light (L) and moisture (F) conditions. Relative quadrate elevation was averaged for nine points. There were 6.65 x 10[^3] seeds m[^-2] in upper soil layer and 3.00 x 10[^3] seeds m[^-2] in lower soil layer. Seed bank structure constituted of patches 6 m diameter in the upper soil layer and 4 m in the lower soil layer. Aggregated pattern of the seed bank was influenced by clumped distribution of plants in the herb layer. Seed bank species richness in the upper soil layer was correlated with moisture (r = 0.485, P =0.03) and light (r = 0.526, P = 0.0172) values. Seed densities were correlated with moisture (r = 0.848 P <0.0001 upper and r = 0.491 P = 0.0278 lower soil layer) and light (r = 0.803 P <0.0001 upper and r = 0.751 P = 0.0001 lower soil layer). Seed density in upper soil layer was negatively correlated with elevation (r =.0.485 P = 0.0422). Higher seed density and species richness of the seed bank associated with better light conditions and higher moisture is probably caused by higher seed production in favourable conditions, and factors promoting seed persistence in soil. Our results indicate, that even subtle changes in light, moisture and mean relative elevation can shape seed bank spatial pattern on a fine local scale, differentiating the response of this community to small scale disturbances present in natural forests.
Rocznik
Strony
487--500
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 57 poz.,Rys., tab., wykr., w
Twórcy
  • Geobotanical Station in Białowieża, University of Warsaw, Sportowa 19, 17-230 Białowieża, Poland, h.koscielecka@uw.edu.pl
Bibliografia
  • 1. Albrecht H., Pilgram M. 1997 – The weed seed bank of soils in a landscape segment in southern Bavaria – II. Relation to environmental variables and to surface vegetation – Plant Ecol. 131: 31–43.
  • 2. Baskin C.C., Baskin J.M. 2001 – Seeds: Ecology, biogeography, and evolution of dormancy and germination – Academic Press, San Diego, 666 pp.
  • 3. Beatty S.W. 1991 – Colonization dynamics in a mosaic landscape: the buried seed pool. – J. Biogeogr. 18: 553–563.
  • 4. Bekker R.M., Oomes M.J.M., Bakker J.P. 1998 – The impact of groundwater level on soil seed bank survival. – Seed Sci. Res.: 399–404.
  • 5. Bigwood D.W., Inouye D.W. 1988 – Spatial pattern analysis of seed banks: an improved method and optimised sampling – Ecology, 69: 497–507.
  • 6. Bossuyt B., Hermy M., Deckers J. 1999 – Migration of herbaceous plant species across ancient-recent forest ecotones in central Belgium – J. Ecol. 87: 628–638.
  • 7. Bossuyt B., Hermy M. 2001 – Influence of land use history on seed banks in European temperate forest ecosystems: a review – Ecography, 24: 225–238.
  • 8. Bossuyt B., Heyn M., Hermy M. 2002 – Seed bank and vegetation composition of forest stands of varying age in central Belgium: consequences for regeneration of ancient forest vegetation – Plant Ecol. 162: 33–48.
  • 9. Caballero I., Olano J. M., Loidi J., Escudero A. 2003 – Seed bank structure along a semi-arid gypsum gradient in Central Spain – J. Arid Environ. 55: 287–299.
  • 10. Cavalcanti M.J. 1988–2005 – Test for Association Between Two Symetric Distance Matrices with Permutation Iterations ver.1.18. http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/morph/morphmet/mantel32.exe
  • 11. Cavers P.B., Benoit D.L. 1989 – Seed banks in arable land. (In: Ecology of soil seed banks. Eds: M.A. Leck, V.T. Parker, R.L. Simpson) – Academic Press, San Diego, pp. 309–328.
  • 12. Chabrerie O., Alard D., Touzard B. 2002 – Diversite de la vegetation et du reservoir de graines du sol dans une pelouse calcicole du nord-ouest de la France – Can. J. Bot. 80: 827–840.
  • 13. Czarnecka J. 2004 – Microspatial structure of the seed bank of xerothermic grassland – intracommunity differentiation – Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 73: 155–164.
  • 14. Dessaint F., Chadoeuf R., Barralis G. 1991 – Spatial pattern analysis of weed seeds in the cultivated soil seed bank – J. Appl. Ecol. 28: 721–730.
  • 15. Ehrlen J., Eriksson O. 2000 – Dispersal limitation and patch occupancy in forest herbs. – Ecology, 81: 1667–1674.
  • 16. Falińska K. 1968 – Preliminary studies on seed production in the herb layer of the Querco-Carpinetum association – Ekol. Pol. 16: 395–409.
  • 17. Falińska K. 1971 – An estimate of diaspore production in the ecosystem of mixed oakhornbeam forest (Querco-Carpinetum) in the Białowieża National Park – Ekol. Pol. 19: 525–561.
  • 18. Faliński J.B. 1986 – Vegetation dynamics in temperate lowland primeval forests. Ecological studies in Białowieża Forest – Dr W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht/Boston/Lancaster.
  • 19. Fenner M., Thompson K. 2005 – The ecology of seeds – Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • 20. Godefroid S., Phyrtyal S.S., Koedam N. 2006 – Depth distribution and composition of seed banks under different tree layers in a managed temperate forest ecosystem – Acta Oecol. 29: 283–292.
  • 21. Granström A. 1987 – Seed viability of fourteen species during four years of storage in a forest soil – J. Ecol. 75: 321–331.
  • 22. Halpern B.C., Evans S.A., Nielson S. 1999 – Soil seed banks in young closed-canopy forests of Olympic Peninsula, Washington: potential contributions to understory reinitiation – Can. J. Bot. 77: 922–935.
  • 23. Harper J.L. 1977 – Population biology of plants – Academic Press, London, 892 pp.
  • 24. Hermy M., Honnay O., Firbank L., Grashof-Bokdam C., Lawesson J.E. 1999 – An ecological comparison between ancient and other forest plant species of Europe, and the implications for conservation – Biol. Conserv. 91: 9–22.
  • 25. Hill M. O., Stevens P.A. 1981 – The density of viable seed in soils of forest plantations in upland Britain – J. Ecol. 69: 693–709.
  • 26. Hughes J.W., Fahey T.J. 1991 – Colonization dynamics of herbs and shrubs in a disturbed northern hardwood forest – J. Ecol. 79: 605–616.
  • 27. Hyatt L.A. 1999 – Differences between Seed Bank Composition and Field Recruitment in a Temperate Zone Deciduous Forest – Am. Midl. Nat. 142: 31–38.
  • 28. Hyatt L.A., Casper B.B. 2000 – Seed bank formation during early secondary succession in a temperate deciduous forest – J. Ecol. 88; 516–527.
  • 29. Jankowska-Błaszczuk M. 1998 – Variability of the soil seed banks in the natural deciduous forest in the B iałowieża National Park – Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 67: 313–324.
  • 30. Jankowska-Błaszczuk M. 2008 – Banki nasion w lasach liściastych strefy umiark owanej – ewolucyjne i ekologiczne aspekty badań. [The soil seed banks in temperate deciduous forest – evolutionary and ecological aspect of studies] – Wiad. Bot. 52 (3/4): 25–41. (in Polish)
  • 31. Jankowska-Błaszczuk M., Daws M.I. 2007 – Impact of red:far red ratios on germination of temperate forest herbs in relation to shade tolerance, seed mass and persistence in the soil. Funct. Ecol. 21: 1055–1062.
  • 32. Jankowska-Błaszczuk M., Grubb P.J. 1997 – Soil seed banks in primary and secondary deciduous forest in Białowieża, Poland – Seed Sci. Res. 7: 281–292.
  • 33. Jankowska-Błaszczuk M., Grubb P.J. 2006 – Changing perspectives on the role of the soil seed bank in northern temperate deciduous forests and in tropical lowland rain forests: parallels and contrasts – Perspect. Plant Ecol. 8: 3–21.
  • 34. Jankowska-Błaszczuk M., Kwiatkowska A. J., Panufnik D., Tanner E. 1998 – The size and diversity of the soil seed banks and the light requirements of the species in sunny and shady natural communities of the Białowieża Primeval Forest – Plant Ecol. 136: 105–118.
  • 35. Kjellson G. 1992 – Seed banks in Danish deciduous forests: species composition, seed influx and distribution pattern in soil – Ecography, 15: 86–100.
  • 36. Leckie S., Vellend M., Bell G., Waterway M. J., Lechowicz M. J. 2000 – The seed bank in an old growth, temperate deciduous forest – Can. J. Bot. 78: 181–192.
  • 37. Legendre P., Legendre L. 1998 – Numerical Ecology – Elsevier, Amsterdam, 853 pp.
  • 38. Lindacher R. 1995 – Phanart Database of centraleuropean vascular plants explanation of codes, structure and contents – Veröffentlichungen des Geobotanischen Institutes der ETH, Stiftung Rübel, Zürich.
  • 39. Lloyd M.L. 1967 – Mean crowding – J. Anim. Ecol. 36: 1–30.
  • 40. Mirek Z., Piękoś-Mirkowa H., Zając A., Zając M. 2002 – Krytyczna lista roślin naczyniowych Polski. [Flowering Plants and Pteridiophytes of Poland a Checklist.] – Szafer Institute of Botany Polish Academy of Science, Kraków, 442 pp..
  • 41. Mou P., Jones R. H., Guo D., Lister A. 2005 – Regeneration strategies, disturbance and plant interactions as organizers of vegetation spatial patterns in a pine forest – Landscape Ecol. 20: 971–987.
  • 42. Nathan R., Muller-Landau H. C. 2000 – Spatial patterns of seed dispersal, their determinants and consequences for recruitment – TREE 15: 278–285.
  • 43. Olano J.M., Caballero I., Laskurain N.A., Loidi J., Escudero A. 2002 – Seed bank spatial pattern in a temperate secondary forest – J. Veg. Sci. 13: 775–784.
  • 44. Olano J.M., Palmer M.W. 2003 – Stand dynamics of an Appalachian old-growth forest during a severe drought episode – For. Ecol. Manage. 174: 139–148.
  • 45. Panufnik-Mędrzycka D., Kwiatkowska-Falińska A. J. 2001 – The realised and potential soil seed bank in the Potentillo albae-Quercetum community in the Białowieża primeval forest – Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 70: 133–143.
  • 46. Peroni P.A., Armstrong R.T. 2001 – Density, dispersion and population genetics of a Silene latifolia seed bank from southwestern Virginia – J. Tor. Bot. Soc. 128: 400–406.
  • 47. Pirożnikow E. 1983 – Seed bank in the soil of stabilized ecosystem of a deciduous forest (Tilio-Carpinetum) in the Białowieża National Pa rk – Ekol. Pol. 31: 145–172.
  • 48. Pons T.L. 2000 – Seed responses to light. (In: Seeds: the ecology of regeneration in plant communities, Ed: M. Fenner) – CABI Publishing, Wallingford, pp. 237–260.
  • 49. Shaukat S.S., Siddiqui I.A. 2004 – Spatial pattern analysis of seeds of an arable soil seed bank and its relationship with above-ground vegetation in an arid region – J. Arid Environ. 57: 311–327.
  • 50. Shimono A., Ueno S., Tsumura Y., Washitani 2006 – Spatial genetic structure links between soil seed banks and above-ground populations of Primula modesta in subalpine grassland – J. Ecol. 94: 77–86.
  • 51. Sokal R.R., Rohlf F.J. 1995 – Biometry – W. H. Freeman and Company, New York, 887 pp.
  • 52. Thompson K. 1978 – The occurrence of buried viable seeds in relation to environmental gradients – J. Biogeogr. 5: 425–430.
  • 53. Thompson K. 1986 – Small-scale heterogenity in the seed bank of an acidic grassland – J. Ecol. 74: 733–738.
  • 54. Venable D.L., Brown J.S. 1988 – The selec tive interactions of dispersal, dormancy, and seed size as adaptations for reducing risk in variable environments – Am. Nat. 131: 360–384.
  • 55. Warr S. J., Thompson K., Kent M. 1993 – Seed banks as a neglected area of biogeographic research: a review of literature and sampling techniques – Prog. Phys. Geogr. 17: 329–347.
  • 56. Warr S.J., Kent M., Thompson K. 1994 – Seed bank composition and variability in five woodlands in south-west England – J. Biogeogr. 21: 151–168.
  • 57. Williams C.F. 1994 – Genetic consequences of seed dispersal in three sympatric forest herbs. II. Microspatial genetic structure within populations – Evolution, 48: 1959–1972.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BGPK-2913-1583
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.