Segregation in sympatrically nesting red-winged starling Onychognathus Morio (L.) and European Starling Sturnus Vulgaris L.

• Autorzy: Kopij G.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

If two related species come into contact, it could be expected that, in order to coexist, they will either shift their niches apart from each other or one species will replace the other in the course of ever growing competition. Recently, two starling species, the indigenous Red-winged Starling and the exotic European Starling, came into contact in some places in Lesotho (southern Africa). In this paper, some breeding parameters of these species have been compared in an area of their co-occurrence. Studies were carried out in an urbanised habitat in Lesotho, in four consecutive breeding seasons (August-March) during the years 1998-2001. The average density of the Redwinged Starling was 13.8 pairs 100 ha[^-1], while that of the European Starling was 9.3 pairs 100 ha[^-1]. The proportion of the Red-winged Starling to European Starling breeding pairs (1.0:0.7) was strikingly constant over the four consecutive breeding seasons. Most Red-winged Starling breeding territories (78%, N = 56) were located within builtup areas, while most European Starling territories were located either within built-up areas (25%) or on the border of built-up areas and open areas (59%, N =41). Most Red-winged Starling nests (96%) were situated in buildings (N = 46), while European Starling nests were located both in tree holes (43%) and in buildings (57%, N = 28). Both starling species show high nest site tenacity. The Red-winged Starling daily activity pattern during the nestling phase differed considerably from that of the European Starling. Although both starling species do not overlap their feeding niches and daily and seasonal activities, their sympatric occurrence in urbanised habitats may be limited, if suitable nesting sites are lacking.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

activity; breeding; breeding density; competition; European Starling Sturnus vulgaris; invasion; nest-site selection; nest-site tenacity; Red-winged Starling Onychognathus morio; territoriality

PL

aktywność; czarnotek rudoskrzydły; hodowla; konkurencja; nalot; siedlisko; szpak; terytorializm; zbiorowe noclegowisko

• Wydawca: Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Ecology
• Rocznik: 2009
• Tom: Vol. 57, nr 3
• Strony: 589--595
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 15 poz.,Tab., wykr.,

Twórcy

autor

Kopij G.

• Institute of Natural Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Pl. Grunwaldzki 24a, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland ; Department of Zoology and Ecology, Agricultural University of Wrocław, Kożuchowska 5b 51-631 Wrocław, Poland,

Bibliografia

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