A simple chemical engine in steady and dynamic situations

• Autorzy: Sieniutycz S.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

We transfer to the realm of chemical engines a method of thermodynamic optimization that was developed earlier for thermal machines aimed at maximum production of power. Steady-state model refers to the situation when two reservoirs are infinite, whereas an unsteady model treats a dynamical case with finite upper reservoir and gradually decreasing chemical potential of the active component of fuel. In the considered chemical systems total power output is maximized at constraints which take into account dynamics of mass transport and efficiency of power generation. Methods of dynamic optimization, especially dynamic programming, lead to kinetic limits estimated in form of an optimal function that describes integral power output and extends the reversible chemical work W[rev] to finite rate situations. Optimization results lead to energy limits in chemical systems subject to dissipative effects caused by rates of chemical reaction and transport phenomena. Finite-rate results include irreducible losses caused by mass transfer resistances to the classical work potential. Functions of extremum power, which incorporate a residual minimum of entropy production, are formulated in terms of initial and final states, total duration and (in a discrete process) number of stages.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

chemical engine; energy converter; mass transfer; maximum power; second law; thermodynamic limit

PL

moc maksymalna; ograniczenie termodynamiczne; przemiennik energii; przenikanie masy; silnik chemiczny

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Instytutu Maszyn Przepływowych PAN ; Komitet Termodynamiki i Spalania PAN
• Czasopismo: Archives of Thermodynamics
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: Vol. 28, no. 2
• Strony: 57--84
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 16 poz.,Wz., rys., wykr.,

Twórcy

autor

Sieniutycz S.

• Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Waryńskiego 1, 00-645 Warszawa,

Bibliografia

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• [4] SIENIUTYCZ S.: Thermodynamic limits in applications of energy of solar radiation, Drying Technology, 24 (2006) 1139-1146.
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• [6] SIENIUTYCZ S., SZWAST Z.: Practice in Optimization, Wydawnictwa Naukowo Techniczne, Warsaw 1982.
• [7] SIENIUTYCZ S., FARKAS H.: Variational and Extremum Principles in Macroscopic Systems, Elsevier 2005, 497-522.
• [8] SIENIUTYCZ S., DE VOS A.: Thermodynamics of Energy Conversion and Transport, Springer N.Y., 2000, 143-172 (Chap.6).
• [9] SIENIUTYCZ S.: State transformations and Hamiltonian structures for optimal control in discrete systems, Reports on Mathematical Physics, 49, 2006, 289-317.
• [10] SIENIUTYCZ S.: Nonlinear macrokinetics of heat & mass transfer and chemical or electrochemical reactions, Intern. J. Heat and Mass Transfer, 47 (2004), 515-526.
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• [12] SIENIUTYCZ S.: Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations and dynamic programming for power-maximizing relaxation of radiation, Intern. J. Heat and Mass Transfer, submitted 25 XI 2006, to appear in 2007.
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• [14] SIENIUTYCZ S.: Endoreversible modeling and optimization of thermal machines by dynamic programming, Chap. 11 [in:] Recent Advance in Finite Time Thermodynamics (ed. Ch. Wu), Nova Science, New York 1999.
• [15] SIENIUTYCZ S.: Hamilton-J acobi-Bellman framework for optimal control in multistage energy systems, Physics Reports 326, Elsevier, Amsterdam 2000, 165-285, see Sec.2.3.
• [16] SIENIUTYCZ S.: Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman theory of dissipative thermal availability, Physical Review, 56, 1997, 5051-5064.