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Fire influence on the grassland vegetation in Golestan National Park (Alborz Mts. Iran)

Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Frequent wild fires in mountainous grasslands of Alborz (Iran) influenced the sustainability of habitats and ecological niches of species in this ecosystem. In fact, fire has been a constant event in Golestan National Park in Alborz for a long time (67 fires during 1957 to 1997). Due to importance of this national park in northeastern Iran as a biosphere reserve, the research has been carried out in order to investigate the causes of the fires and the subsequent changes occurred in vegetation and habitat structure. Study was performed in two adjacent: burned and unburned areas in mountains of Alborz. The analysis showed that the vegetation coverage and the above ground biomass in the burned area were significantly greater in comparison to the control area. Whereas, the diversity of vegetation of the two areas did not show significant differences. It was also shown that the coverage of grass species like Stipa pennata L., Festuca valessiana, Avena wiestii Steud. and Aegilops tauschii Coss. increased with respect to the non-burned area. The coverage of woody species like Acanthophyllum pugens, Onobrychis cornuta (L.) Desv., Cotoneaster ovatus Pojark. and Rosa persica Michx. considerably decreased in burned area. Due to increase of annual species of grasses and decrease of woody species, it can be concluded that fire is a preventive factor in succession of ecosystem toward climax and the dominance of grasses can be regarded as a suitable condition for further fire occurrence.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
435--443
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 24 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
  • University of Mazandaran, College of Natural Resources, P.O. Box 48175-717, Sari, Iran
autor
  • University of Mazandaran, College of Natural Resources, P.O. Box 48175-717, Sari, Iran
autor
  • University of Mazandaran, College of Agriculture, P.O. Box 578, Sari, Iran
  • Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
autor
  • University of Tehran, Natural Resources Faculty, P.O. Box 31585-4314, Karaj, Iran
Bibliografia
  • 1. Akhani Sanjani H. 2000 – Bio-diversity in Golestan National Park – Proceedings of paleology and biodiversity. UNEP. Kerman pp. 75–89 (in Persian).
  • 2. Anderson R. C. 1972 – The use of fire as a management tool on the Curtis Prairie – Proc. Tall Timbers Fire Ecol. Conf. 12: 23–35.
  • 3. Bailey A. W. 1988 – Understanding fire ecology for range management (In: Vegetation applications for rangeland analysis and management, Ed. P. T. Tueller) – vol. 14, Kluwer Academic Publishes.
  • 4. Bonhamm C. 1989 – Measurement of terrestrial vegetation. 2nd edition – John Wiley and Sons Inc. New York.
  • 5. Brose P. H., Vanlear D. H. 1998 – Response of hard wood advance regeneration to seasonal prescribed fires in Oax-dominated shelter wood stand – Can. J. of Forest Res. 28 (3): 331–339.
  • 6. Daubenmire R. 1968 – Ecology of fire in grasslands – Advances in Ecological Research 5: 209–266.
  • 7. DeCastro E. A., Kauffman J. B. 1998 – A vegetation gradient of above ground biomass, root and consumption by fire – Journal of Tropical Ecology, 14 (3): 263–283.
  • 8. Engle D. M., Mitchell R. L., Stevens R. L. 1998 – Late growing season fire effect in mid succession tall grass prairie – Journal of Range Management, 51 (1): 115–121.
  • 9. Fensham R. J. 1999 – Interactive effects of fire frequency and site factor in tropical Eucalyptus forest – Australian Journal of Ecology, 15 (3): 65–72.
  • 10. Frey W. 1980 – Wald-und Gebuschverberitung in Nordwest-Khorasa (Nordian) – Beih. Tubinger Atlas Vorderen Orients, A, 6. Dr. Ludwig Reichter. Wiesbaden.
  • 11. Frey W., Probst W. 1986 – A synopsis of the vegetation of Iran (In: Contributions to the vegetation of Southwest Asia, Ed. H. Kurschner) - Beih. Tubinger Atlas Vorderen Orients, A, 6 (24): 9–24. Dr. Ludwig Reichter. Wiesbaden.
  • 12. Garcia Novo F. 1977 – The effects of fire on the vegetation of Donana National Park, Spain - Tech. Rep. 3 (1): 318–325.
  • 13. Ghaemi R. 1997 – Destructive and threatening factors of Golestan National Park. Environment, seasonally – Iranian Environment Protection Organization 4 (2). (in Persian).
  • 14. Hall M. 1984 – Man’s historical and traditional use of fire in southern Africa (In: Ecological effects of fire in South Africa Ecosystems, Eds. P. de. V. Booyson, N. M. Tainot) – Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp.
  • 15. Headdy H. F., Dennis Child R. 1994 – Rangeland ecology and management – Weatview Press.
  • 16. Heirman A. L., Wright H. A. 1973 – Fire in the medium fuels of West Texas – Journal of Range Management, 26: 331–335.
  • 17. Lunt I. D., Morgan J. W. 1999 – Management of new grassland reserves: what can we learn from existing reserve at Derrimut and Laverton North? (In: Down to Grass Roots: a Conference on the Management of Native Grassy Ecosystems, Eds. V. Carigie, C. Hocking) - Proceedings of a Conference held at Victoria University of Technology St Albans July 1998, online: http://life.csu.edu.au/bushfire99/papers
  • 18. Madjno onian H., Z ehzad B., Kiabi B. 1999 – Golestan National Park (Biosphere Reserve) – Department of the Environment, 130 pp. (in Persian).
  • 19. Morgan J. W., Lunt I. D. 1999 – Effects of time-since-fire on the tussock dynamics of a dominant grass (Themeda triandra) in a temperate Australian grassland – Biological Conservation, 88: 379–386.
  • 20. Safaian N., Shokri M. 1998 – The role of fire as an ecological factor in rangeland ecosystems - Iranian Journal of Natural Resources 51 (2): 51–62. (in Persian).
  • 21. Stuwe J., Parsons R. F. 1977 – Themada australis grasslands on the Basalt Plains, Victoria: floristic and management effects – Australian Journal of Ecology, 2: 467–476.
  • 22. Udvardy M. D. F. 1975 - A classification of the biogeographical provinces of the world - IUCN occasional paper. No. 18. Morges.
  • 23. Volesky J. D., Cannot S. B. 2000 – Vegetation response to late growing-season wildfire on Nebraska Sandhills rangeland – Journal of Range Management, 53 (4): 421–426.
  • 24. White C. S., Loftin S. R. 2000 – Response of 2 semi-arid grassland to cool-season prescribed fire – Journal of Range Management, 53 (1): 52–61.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BGPK-1042-4132
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