Powiadomienia systemowe
- Sesja wygasła!
- Sesja wygasła!
- Sesja wygasła!
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
N and p sources and hydrological flow paths during snowmelt flood in a small agricultural catchment
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Badania dotyczące dróg migracji składników biogenicznych w małej (187 ha) zlewni rolniczej w okolicach Białegostoku (Polska NE) wykazały, że podczas wezbrania roztopowego odpływ cieku i jego skład chemiczny są kształtowane przez spływ powierzchniowy, głębsze wody gruntowe i wody glebowo-gruntowe strefy przyrzecznej. Podczas kulminacji wezbrania udział spływu powierzchniowego może stanowić nawet 70% całkowitej ilości wody odprowadzanej ze zlewni. Czynnikiem sprzyjającym jego powstawaniu jest obecność lodu glebowego, który ogranicza infiltrację wody pośniegowej. Infiltracja może zachodzić na większą skalę jedynie w obniżeniach i zagłębieniach terenowych, zwłaszcza w położeniach przyrzecznych. Spływ powierzchniowy i wody gruntowo-glebowe z obszarów przyrzecznych odpowiadają za przemieszczanie 88% azotanów wynoszonych ze zlewni i aż 98% ortofosforanów. Translokacja związków rozpuszczonych jest szybka, a w związku z tym, że potok materii omija większość struktur buforowych i "subzbiorników retencyjnych", transportowany ładunek nie podlega większym przemianom jakościowym i ilościowym. Na zmniejszanie ładunku związków rozpuszczonych nie może aktywnie wpływać roślinność szeroko propagowanych naturalnych barier biogeochemicznych: pasów zadrzewień i ekstensywnych łąk, ponieważ wczesną wiosnąznajduje się ona jeszcze w fazie spoczynku.
End-Member Mixing Analysis was used to identify factors affecting river chemistry during a snow melt induced spring high flow event in an agricultural catchment (187 ha) in NE Poland. Results showed that temporal variability in the flow pathways and solute sources during snowmelt were controlled by soil frost. Before and in the very early stages of the event, stream water chemistry was solely dependent on the deep flow path component. Concurrent with progressing snowmelt, the importance of chemicals washed out from near the surface layer of frozen soils by surface runoff in-creased and the stream shifted toward a NO3–, NH4+, PO43– -rich composition. Solutes transported along with overland flow had the most pronounced impact on river chemistry during peak discharge. As a result of progressive ground thaw, the relative importance of pre-event riparian soil and groundwater that displaced by infiltrating flood water increased. These two end-member were responsible for export of 88% nitrates and 98% orthophosphates from the catchment. The high concentration of solutes (primarily NO3–) in the river outflow suggests that during snowmelt, either fluxes of agricultural contaminants bypassed potential buffers (which could constrain their impact on freshwater ecosystems) or that existing buffers were ineffective in removing the contaminants that moved along shallow hydrological pathways. In early spring, high export of NO3– along surface and shallow subsurface hydrological pathways may be little affected by vegetation of the widely promoted buffer strips because at this time of the year the vegetation is still in a dormant phase. Thus, the short period of snowmelt flood may be perceived as critical from the river water quality perspective.
Wydawca
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
5--26
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 38 poz., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
autor
autor
- Politechnika Białostocka, Katedra Ochrony i Kształtowania Środowiska, ul. Wiejska 45a, 15-351 Białystok; tel.: +48 (85) 746-96-84, p.banaszuk@pb.edu.pl
Bibliografia
- ADDISCOTT T.M., THOMAS D., 2000. Tillage, mineralization and leaching: phosphate. Soil Till. Res. 53 s. 255-273.
- Atlas klimatu Polski, 2005. Pr. zbior. Red. H. Lorenc. Warszawa: IMiGW ss. 116.
- BAKER J.M., SPAANS E.J.A., 1997. Mechanics of meltwater movement above and within frozen soil. Intern. Symp. Physics Chemistry Ecol. Seasonally Frozen Soils. Pr. zbior. Red. I.K. Iskander, E.A. Wright, J.K. Radke, B.S. Sharratt, P.H. Groenvelt, L.D. Hinzman. US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Fairbanks, AK s. 31-36.
- BANASZUK P., 2004. Identyfikacja procesów kształtujących skład chemiczny małego cieku w krajobrazie rolniczym na podstawie analizy czynnikowej. Woda Środ. Obsz. Wiej. t. 4 z. 1(10) s. 103-116.
- BANASZUK P., 2007. Wodna migracja składników rozpuszczonych do wód powierzchniowych w zlewni górnej Narwi. Białystok: Wydaw. P.Biał. ss. 182.
- BECHMANN M., EGGESTAD H. O., VAGSTAD N., 1998. Nitrogen balances and leaching in four agricultural catchments in southeastern Norway. Env. Pollut. 102 S1 s. 493-499.
- BURNS D. A., MCDONNELL J. J., HOOPER R. P., PETERS N. E., FREER J. E., KENDALL C., BEVEN K., 2001. Quantifying contributions to storm runoff through end-member mixing analysis and hydrologic measurements at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed (Georgia, USA). Hydrol. Process. 15 s. 1903-1924.
- CAMPBELL J. L., MITCHELL M. J., GROFFMAN P. M., CHRISTENSON L. M., HARDY J.P., 2005. Winter in northeastern North America: a critical period for ecological processes. Front Ecol. Env. 3 6 s. 314-322.
- CHRISTOPHERSEN N., NEAL C., 1990. Linking hydrological, geochemical and soil chemical processes on the catchment scale: an interplay between modeling and fieldwork. Water Resour. Res. 26 s. 3077-3086.
- CHRISTOPHERSEN N., HOOPER R.P., 1992. Multivariate analysis of stream water chemical data: the use of principal component analysis for the end-member mixing problem. Water Resour. Res. 28 s. 99-107.
- CREED I.F., BAND L.E., FOSTER N.W., MORRISOM I.K., NICOLSON J.A., SEMKIN R.S., JEFFRIES D.S., 1996. Regulation of nitra te-N release from temperate forests: A test of the N flushing hypothesis. Water Resour. Res. 32 11 s. 3337-3354.
- FENG X.H., NEZ V.E., KIRCHNER J.W., RENSHAW C.E., OSTERHUBER R.S., STRUP S., 2002. Solute transport processes in temperate snowpacks revealed from nitrate and sulfate concentrations. Eos Transact. Am. Geophys. Union ss. 83.
- GÓRNIAK A., 2000. Klimat województwa podlaskiego. Białystok: IMGW ss. 119.
- HAAG D., KAUPENJOHANN M., 2001. Landscape fate of nitrate fluxes and emissions in Central Europe. A critical review of concepts, data, and models for transport and retention. Agricult. Ecosyst. Env. 86 s. 1-21.
- HART G., 1963. Snow and frost conditions in New Hampshire, under hardwoods and pines and in the open. J. Forest 61 s. 287-289.
- HAYASHI M., VAN DER KAMP G., SCHMIDT R., 2003. Focused infiltration of snowmelt water in partially frozen soil under small depression. J. Hydrol. 270 s. 214-229.
- HELMING K., FRIELINGHAUS M., 1999. Skalenaspekte der Bodenerosion. W: Regionalisierung in der Lanschaftsökologie. Forschung, Planung Praxis Teubner. Pr. zbior. Red. U. Steinhardt, M. Volk Leipzig-Stuttgart s. 221-232.
- HOUSE W.A., LEACH D.V., ARMITAGE P.D., 2001. Study of dissolved silicon and nitrate dynamics in a freshwater stream. Water Res. 35 11 s. 2749-2757.
- INAMDAR S.P., CHRISTOPHER S.F., MITCHELL M.J., 2004. Export mechanisms for dissolved organic carbon and nitrate during storm events in a glaciated forested catchment in New York, USA. Hydrol. Process. 18 s. 2651-2661.
- INAMDAR S.P., MITCHELL M.J., 2006. Hydrologic and topographics controls on storm-event exports of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrate across catchment scales. Water Resour. Res. 42 W03421 doi: 10.1029/2005WR004212
- KENDALL C., MCDONNELL J.J., 1998. Isotope tracer in catchment hydrology. New York: Elsevier ss. 870.
- KENDALL K.A., SHANLEY J.B., MCDONNELL J.J., 1999. A hydrometric and geochemical approach to test the transmissivity feedback hypothesis during snowmelt. J. Hydrol. 219 s. 188-205.
- KOSTRZEWSKI A., MAZUREK M., ZWOLIŃSKI Z., 1994. Dynamika transportu fluwialnego górnej Parsęty. Poznań: Stow. Geomorfol. Pol. ss. 165.
- KUHN M., 2001. The nutrient cycle through snow and ice, a review. Aquatic Sci. 63 2 s. 150-167.
- LALONDE V., MADRAMOOTOO C.A., TRENHOLM L., BROUGHTON R.S., 1996. Effects of controlled drainage on nitrate concentrations in subsurface drain discharge. Agricult. Water Manag. 29 s. 187-199.
- LAUDON H., SEIBERT J., KÖHLER S., BISHOP K., 2004. Hydrological flow paths during snowmelt: Congruence between hydrometric measurements and oxygen 18 in meltwater, soil water, and runoff. Water Resour. Res. 40 W03102 doi:10.1029/2003WR002455.
- MITCHELL M.J., PIATEK K.B., CHRISTOPHER S., MAYER B., KENDALL C., MCHALE P., 2006. Solute sources in stream water during consecutive fall storms in a northern hardwood forest watershed: a combined hydrological, chemical and isotopic approach. Biogeochem. 78 s. 217-246.
- OHRUI K., MITCHELL M.J., 1999. Hydrological flow path controlling stream chemistry in Japanese forested watersheds. Hydrol. Process. 13 s. 877-888.
- PETRY J., SOULSBY C., MALCOLM I.A., YOUNGSON A.F., 2002. Hydrological controls on nutrient concentrations and fluxes in agricultural catchments. Sci. Total Env. 294 s. 95-110.
- PETTS G.E., 1994. Rivers: dynamic components of catchment ecosystems. W: The rivers handbook: hydrological and ecological principles. Vol. 2. Pr. zbior. Red. P. Calow. Oxford: Blackwell Sci. Publ. s. 3-22.
- PIATEK K.B., MITCHELL M.J., SILVA S.R., KENDALL C., 2005. Sources of nitrate in snowmelt dis charge: evidence from water chemistry and stable isotopes of nitrate. Water Air Soil Pollut. 165 s. 13-35.
- PIONKE H.B., GBUREK W.J., SHARPLEY A.N., 2000. Critical source area controls on water quality in an agricultural watershed located in the Chesapeake Bay. Ecol. Eng. 14 s. 325-335.
- RASCHER C.M., DRISCOLL C.T., PETERS N.E., 1987. Concentration and flux of solutes from snow and forest floor during snowmelt in the West-Central Adirondack region of New York. Biogeochemistry 3 s. 209-224.
- SHANLEY J.B., CHALMERS A., 1999. The effect of frozen soil on snowmelt runoff at Sleepers River, Vermont. Hydrol. Process. 13 s. 1843-1857.
- SHARRATT B.S., 2001. Groundwater recharge during Spring Thaw in the Prairie Pothole Region via large, unfrozen preferential pathways. 2nd Intern. Symp. Preferential Flow Am. Soc. of Agricult. Engineers, Honolulu, HI s. 49-52.
- SICKMAN J.O., LEYDECKER A., CHANG C. C.Y., KENDALL C., MELACK J. M., LUCERO D. M., SCHIMEL J., 2003. Mechanisms underlying export of N from high-elevation catchments during seasonal transitions. Biogeochem. 64 s. 1-24.
- SOULSBY C., GIBBINS C., WADE A.J., SMART R., HELLIWELL R., 2002. Water quality in the Scottish uplands: a hydrological perspective on catchment hydrochemistry. Sci. Total Env. 294 s. 73-94.
- UHLEN B., JOHANSSON G., KYLLMAR K., 2001. Model predictions and long-term trends in phosphorus transport from arable lands in Sweden. Agricult. Water Manag. 49 s. 197-210.D
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BATC-0002-0044