Delays in Technology Development: Their Impact on the Issues of Determinism, Autonomy and Controllability of Technology

• Autorzy: Wierzbicki A. P.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The paper provides a discussion of diverse delays occurring in technology development, and an explanation of reasons why, when seen holistically from outside, the process of technology development might appear as an autonomous, self-determining, uncontrollable process. When seen from inside, however, the process is far from being uncontrollable. This paradox is explained by the fact that technology development contains many processes with delays, in total amounting sometimes to fifty years; when seen from outside, such a process might appear uncontrollable, even if it is very much controllable when approached internally and in detail. Therefore, the definition and types of technology creation as well as stages of technological processes are discussed in some detail in this paper. Some aspects of the contemporary informational revolution and some recent results on micro-theories of knowledge and technology creation are also reviewed. It is suggested that one of possible ways of changing the paradigmatic attitude of philosophy of technology is to invite some such philosophers to participate in the development of modern tools of knowledge civilization era, such as software development and evaluation. The conclusions of the paper stress the need of essentially new approaches to many issues in the time of informational revolution.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

autonomy; change of episteme; delay time; determinism and controllability of technology; impacts of informational revolution; paradigm of philosophy of technology; technology development and evaluation

• Wydawca: Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
• Czasopismo: Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
• Rocznik: 2008
• Tom: nr 4
• Strony: 5--16
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 43 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Wierzbicki A. P.

• National Institute of Telecommunications, Szachowa st 1, 04-894 Warsaw, Poland,

Bibliografia

• [1] V. Dusek, Philosophy of Technology. Oxford: Blackwell Publ., 2006.
• [2] A. Bard and J. Söderqvist, Netokracja. Nowa elita władzy i życie po kapitalizmie. Warsaw: Wydawnictwa Akademickie i Profesjonalne, 2006 (Polish transl.).
• [3] Z. Król, “The emergence of new concepts in science”, in Creative Environments: Supporting Creativity for the Knowledge Civilization Age, A P. Wierzbicki and Y. Nakamori, Eds. Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2007.
• [4] A. P. Wierzbicki and Y. Nakamori, Creative Space: Models of Creative Processes for the Knowledge Civilization Age. Berlin- Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2006.
• [5] A. P. Wierzbicki and Y. Nakamori, Creative Environments: Supporting Creativity for the Knowledge Civilization Age. Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2007.
• [6] A. Kameoka and A. P. Wierzbicki, “A vision of new era of knowledge civilization”, in Proc. Ith World Congr. IFSR, Kobe, Japan, 2005.
• [7] A. P. Wierzbicki, “Prinzip maksimuma dla processov s nietrivialnom zapazdiwaniyem upravleniya” (Maximum principle for processes with non-trivial delay of control), Avtomatika i Telemekhanika, no. 10, 1970 (in Russian).
• [8] J. Ellul, The Technological Society. New York: Alfred Knopf, 1964.
• [9] C. Mitcham, Thinking through Technology: The Path between Engi- neering and Philosophy. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1994.
• [10] M. Heidegger, “Die Technik und die Kehre”, in M. Heidegger, Vortrage und Aufsatze. Pfullingen: Günther Neske Verlag, 1954.
• [11] A. P. Wierzbicki, “Technology and change: the role of technology in knowledge civilization”, in Proc. Ith World Congr. IFSR, Kobe, Japan, 2005.
• [12] A. P. Wierzbicki, “Technology and change: the role of information technology in knowledge civilization”, J. Telecommun. Inform. Technol., no. 4, pp. 3–14, 2006.
• [13] H. S. Black, “Stabilized feedback amplifiers”, Bell Syst. Tech. J. Electr. Eng., vol. 53, pp. 1311–1312, 1934.
• [14] B. Latour, Science in Action. Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1987.
• [15] L. Winner, “Social constructivism: opening the black box and finding it empty”, Sci. Cult., vol. 16, pp. 427–452, 1993.
• [16] K. R. Popper, Objective Knowledge. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972.
• [17] K. R. Popper, “Three views concerning human knowledge”, in Contemporary British Philosophy, Third Series, H. D. Lewis, Ed. London: Allen and Unwin, 1956.
• [18] The Nature of Technological Knowledge. Are Models of Scientific Change Relevant? R. Laudan, Ed. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1984.
• [19] T. S. Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1962 (2nd ed., 1970).
• [20] A. F. Osborn, Applied Imagination. New York: Scribner, 1957.
• [21] Y. Nakamori and Y. Sawaragi, “Shinayakana systems approach in environmental management”, in Proceedings of 11th World Congress of International Federation of Automatic Control. Tallin: Pergamon Press, 1990, vol. 5, pp. 511–516.
• [22] I. Nonaka and H. Takeuchi, The Knowledge-Creating Company. How Japanese Companies Create the Dynamics of Innovation. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
• [23] A. P. Wierzbicki, “On the role of intuition in decision making and some ways of multicriteria aid of intuition”, Multiple Crit. Decis. Mak., vol. 6, pp. 65–78, 1997.
• [24] Y. Nakamori, “Knowledge management system toward sustainable society”, in Proc. First Int. Symp. Knowl. Syst. Sci., Tatsunokuchi, Japan, 2000, pp. 57–64.
• [25] S. Gasson, “The management of distributed organizational knowledge”, in Proceedings of the 37 Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences (HICSS 37), R. J. Sprague, Ed. Los Alamitos: IEEE Computer Society Press, 2004.
• [26] S. Kunifuji, “Creativity support systems in JAIST”, in Proc. JAIST Forum 2004: Technol. Creat. Bas. Knowl. Sci., Ishikawa, Japan, 2004, pp. 56–58.
• [27] A. P. Wierzbicki, “Knowledge creation theories and rational theory of intuition”, Int. J. Knowl. Syst. Sci., vol. 1, pp. 17–25, 2004.
• [28] A. Motycka, Nauka a nieświadomość (Science and Unconscious). Wrocław: Leopoldinum, 1998 (in Polish).
• [29] J. Tian, A. P. Wierzbicki, H. Ren, and Y. Nakamori, “A study on knowledge creation support in a Japanese research institute”, Int. J. Knowl. Syst. Sci., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 7–17, 2006.
• [30] T. Ma, S. Liu, and Y. Nakamori, “Roadmapping for supporting scientific research”, in Proc. MCDM 2004, 17th Int. Conf. Multiple Crit. Decis. Mak., Whistler, Canada, 2004.
• [31] M. Foucault, The Order of Things: an Archaeology of Human Sciences. New York: Routledge, 1972.
• [32] C. P. Snow, The Two Cultures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960.
• [33] W. V. Quine, “Two dogmas of empiricism”, in Philosophy of Mathematics, P. Benacerraf and H. Putnam, Eds. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1964.
• [34] A. P. Wierzbicki, “Group decisions and negotiation in the knowledge civilization era”, in Proc. 9th Group Decis. Negotiat. Conf., Coimbra, Portugal, 2008.
• [35] F. Braudel, Civilisation materielle, ´economie et capitalisme, XV–XVIII si`ecle. Paris: Armand Colin, 1979.
• [36] A. Toffler and H. Toffler, The Third Wave. New York: William Morrow, 1980.
• [37] H. S. Jensen, L. M. Richter, and M. T. Vendelø, The Evolution of Scientific Knowledge. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2003.
• [38] W. Heisenberg, “Über den anschaulichen Inhalt der quantentheoretischen Kinematik und Mechanik”, Zeitschrift fur Physik, vol. 43, pp. 172–198, 1927.
• [39] D. Ihde, Bodies in Technology. Minneapolis – London: University of Minnesota Press, 2002.
• [40] P. P. Verbeek, What Things Do. University Park: The Pennsylvania University Press, 2005.
• [41] L. Lessig, Free Culture: The Nature and Future of Creativity. London: Penguin Books, 2004.
• [42] H. Dreyfus and S. Dreyfus, Mind over Machine: The Role of Human Intuition and Expertise in the Era of Computers. New York: Free Press, 1986.
• [43] G. A. Moore, “Cramming more components onto integrated circuits”, Electronics, vol. 38, no. 8, 1965.