Analyses of New Nontoxic Stabilizers and Other Components in Smokeless Powders

• Autorzy: Fryš O. , Bajerová P. , Eisner A. , Ventura K. , Skládal J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Propellants consisting of nitrocellulose and/or other nitric esters are inherently chemically unstable and undergo decomposition even under standard storage conditions. Decomposition of such compounds can be inhibited or nearly stopped when stabilizers are used. However, conventional stabilizers form nitrosamines that have toxic and carcinogenic effects. A nitrocellulose based propellants contained new nontoxic stabilizers were prepared on this account. The new stabilizers are epoxidized oils (soybean oil, linseed oil and mixture fatty acids, C14-22). The chemical structure of the new stabilizers and their decomposition products should prevent the formation of toxic N-nitrosamines. We prepared double base propellants and these powders were investigated using Microcalorimetry, Conventional Stability Tests and Sensitivity Tests. The results were compared with propellants containing the conventional stabilizer akardite II. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were also performed. These analyses are very important next to the Conventional Stability Tests and Sensitivity Tests. Therefore, this paper presents qualitative and quantitative analyses results of the new substances as stabilizers for propellants. We studied options of oils stabilizers determination and mechanism of stabilization of propellants by oils. Paper describes quantitative analyses results of other substances in propellants (nitroglycerin and solvents) too and options of samples modifcation before analyses.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

smokeless powders; chemical stabilizers; gravimetry; chromatography; infrared spectrometry

• Czasopismo: Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: Vol. 7, nr 3
• Strony: 253--267
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 10 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Fryš O.

autor

Bajerová P.

autor

Eisner A.

autor

Ventura K.

autor

Skládal J.

• University of Pardubice, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Studentská 573, CZ-532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic,

Bibliografia

• [1] Lehký L., Technology of Propellants, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, 2001, pp. 04-12.
• [2] Petržílek J., Relations between Chemical Composition and Stability of Smokeless Powders, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Pardubice, 2000, pp. 37-38.
• [3] Heeb G., Langelage R., Schädeli U., Vogelsanger B., New Stabilizers for Nitrocellulose Based Propellants, Part II, 39th Int. Ann. Conf. ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, June 24-27, 2008, p. 90/1.
• [4] Wilker S., Skládal J., Pantel G., Petržílek J., Stability Analysis of Propellants Containing New Stabilizers, Part IV: Are Phenols a Possible Alternative to Aromatic Amines?, 37th Int. Ann. Conf. ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, June 27-30, 2006, p. 84/1.
• [5] Wilker S., Heeb G., Petržílek J., Skládal J., Triphenylamine – a ‚New’ Stabilizer for Nitrocellulose Based Propellants, Part I: Chemical Stability Studies, Propellants, Explos., Pyrotech., 32, 2007, 135-148.
• [6] Skládal J., Wilker S., Kouba M., Ticmanis U., Pantel G., Stability Analysis of Propellants Containing New Stabilizers, Part VI: Comparison of Phenols with Diphenylamine, Akardite II and Triphenylamine as Propellant Stabilizers, 39th Int. Ann. Conf. ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, June 24-27, 2008, p. 88/1.
• [7] Vogelsanger B., Andres H., Sopranetti R., Huber A., New Stabilizers for Propellants: Triphenylamine and Akardite-I, Nitrochemie-Ber. 2958, 2005.
• [8] Wilker S., Petržílek J., Skládal J., Stability Analysis of Double Base Propellants Containing New Stabilizers, Part III, 33rd Int. Ann. Conf. ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, June 26-28, 2002, p.109/1.
• [9] Heeb G., Untersuchung von Treibladungspulvern mit Triphenylamin als Stabilisator im Rahmen einer Ersatzstoffprüfung, WIWEB-Ber. 03/30373/50001, Dok.-Nr. 310T/27671/05, 2005.
• [10] Heeb G., Wilker S., Schädeli U., Vogelsanger B., New Stabilizers for Nitrocellulose Based Propellants, 37th Int. Ann. Conf. ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, June 27-30, 2006, p. 85/1.