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In modern distribution grids, more distributed generation technologies emerge. The most far-going implementations are 'energy islands' with a high degree of autonomy from the central grid. This paper considers different technological barriers that emerge with increasing penetration of such systems: power quality, control problems, safety issues, environmental aspects, the availability of primary energy resources and economic aspects.
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Tom
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11--14
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Bibliogr. 13 poz.
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Bibliografia
- 1. Ackermann, T.; Andersson, G.; So-der, L.: Distributed generation: a definition. Electric Power System Research, Vol. 57, 2000, pp. 195-204.
- 2. Pepermans G., Driesen J., Haesel-donckx D., Belmans R., D'Haeseleer W .: Distributed generation: definition, benefits and issues. Energy Policy, Vol.33, Issue 6, April, 2005; pp. 787-798.
- 3. Barker, P.P.; De Mello, R.W.: Determining the impact of distributed generation on po-wer systems: Part 1 - Radial distribution systems. PES Summer Meeting, IEEE, 2000, Vol. 3, pp.1645-1656.
- 4. Jenkins, N.; Allan, R.; Crossley, P.; Kirschen, D.; Strbac, G.: Embedded Ge-neration. The Institute of Electrical Engineers, London, 2000.
- 5. Jensen, K.K.: Guidelines on grid connection of wind turbines. CIRED International Conference on Electric Power Distribution Engineering, France, June 1999, 5 pages (CD ROM).
- 6. Kundur, P.: Power system stability and con-trol. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1994
- 7. Lopes, J.A.P.: Integration of dispersed generation on distribution networks - impact studies. PES Winter Meeting, IEEE, 2002, Vol. 1, pp.323— 328.
- 8. Measurement and assessment of power quality cha-racteristics of grid connected wind turbines. IEC Standard, CIE/IEC 61400-21, 2001
- 9. Milanovic, J.V.; David, T.M.: Stability of distribu-tion networks with embedded generators and induction motors. PES Winter Meeting, IEEE, 2002. Vol. 2, pp.1023 —1028.
- 10. Scott, N.C.; Atkinson, D.J.; Morrell, J.E.: Use of load control to regulate voltage on distribution networks with embedded generation. IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, Vol. 17, No 2, May 2002, pp.510— 515.
- 11. Technical requirements for connection of disper-sed generating systems operating in parallel on the distribution network. Document C10/11 of the FPE/ BFE, 7 May 2002
- 12. Woyte, A.; Vu Van, T.; Purchala, K.; Belmans, R.; Nijs, J.: Quantifying the occurrence and duration of power fluctuations introduced by photovoltaic system. Proc. IEEE PowerTech, Bologna, 2003, 7p.
- 13. T. Vu Van, A. Woyte, J. Soens, J. Driesen, R. Belmans:Impacts Of Distribu-ted Generation On Distribution System Power Qu-ality. Proc. EPQU, Cracow, Poland, 2003, 7p.
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Bibliografia
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bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BAT6-0007-0002