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The principal availability of a high enthalpy ground test facility for the simulation of atmospheric entry into a martian atmosphere based on a CO2 plasma is shown. The plasma is characterized using both the heat flux and pressure probe techniques. Two different approaches to determine local enthalpies are presented. Results of the plasma characterization using Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) are presented and a quantitative comparison of the measurement results, with numerically simulated spectra using the PARADE database, are analysed. In order to create a data basis for further improvement and validation of radiation codes for Mars entry scenarios, emission spectroscopic measurements have been performed. The first qualitative comparison of the measurement data from the 21 MJ/kg condition with numerically created CO2 spectra has been used to identify the radiating species. Atomic oxygen and atomic carbon could clearly be identified, also there is evidence of oxygen and carbon ions. From the molecule-based radiation, C2 Swan and CO 3rd Pos. as well as the CO+ 1st. Neg. systems could be identified and showed a fairly good agreement with the PARADE data. The CO+ Comet Tail system has been added very recently in PARADE and it is shown within this paper that it contributed significantly to the measured radiation.
Czasopismo
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Tom
Strony
233--246
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 20 poz., wykr.
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autor
autor
autor
autor
autor
- Universitat Stuttgart, Institut fur Raumfahrtsysteme, Pfaffenwaldring 31, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
Bibliografia
- 1. M. E. TAUBER, K. SUTTON, Tagnation Point Radiative Heating Relations for Earth and Mars Entries, Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 1, 28, 40-42, 1991.
- 2. T. D. SCHMIDT, Bemannte Missionen zum Mars mit kontinuierlichen Antrieben, Institut für Raumfahrtsysteme, Fakultät Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik und Geodäsie, Universität Stuttgart, Dissertation, 2006.
- 3. E. CLIQUET, C. BONNAL, P. BAIOCCO, C. TALBOT, R. HEIDMANN, A. SOUCHIER, Manned Mars Missions Scenarii and Highlights on Architectures, [in:] AIAA-2006-5126, 42nd AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit, Sacramento, California, USA, 2006.
- 4. C. ROND, P. BOUBERT, J.-M. FELIO, A. CHIKHAOUI, Nonequilibrium radiation behind a strong shock wave in CO2-N2, Chemical Physics, ISSN 0301-0104, 1-3, 340, 93-104, 2007.
- 5. G. HERDRICH, M. AUWETER-KURTZ and P. ENDLICH, Mars Entry Simulation using the Inductively Heated Plasma Generator IPG4, Journal of Spacecrafts and Rockets, 40, 5, 690-694, 2003.
- 6. G. HERDRICH, Aufbau, Qualifikation und Charakterisierung einer induktiv beheizten Plasmawindkanalanlage zur Simulation atmosphärischer Eintrittsmanöver [in German], Stuttgart, Germany, URN: urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-21478, Universität Stuttgart, Diplomarbeit, 2004.
- 7. P. ENDLICH, M. AUWETER-KURTZ, G. HERDRICH, S. LAURE, Simulation of Mars Entry conditions including Dust Particles, Proceedings of the 3rd Int. Symposium Atmospheric Reentry Vehicles and Systems, Arcachon, France, März 2003.
- 8. M. FERTIG, Modellierung reaktiver Prozesse auf Siliziurnkarbid-Oberflächen in verdünnten Nichtgleichgevrichts-Luftströmungen [in German], Stuttgart, Germany, URN: urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-24683, Universität Stuttgart, Diplomarbeit, 2005.
- 9. S. LÖHLE, C. EICHHORN, A. STEINBECK, S. LEIN, G. HERDRICH, H.-P. RÖSER, M. AUWETBR-KURTZ, Oxygen Plasma Flow Properties deduced from Laser-induced Fluorescence and Probe Measurements, Applied Optics, 47, 13, 1837-1845, 2008.
- 10. M. WINTER, B. PFEIPFER, M. FERTIG, A. J. SMITH, M. AUWETER-KURTZ, Extension of PARADE to CO2 Plasmas and Comparison with Experimental Data in High Spectral Resolution For Air and CO2 Species, Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Radiation of High Temperature Gases in Atmosphere Entry, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 2006
- 11. J. G. MARVIN, R. B. POPE, Laminar convective heating and ablation in the Mars atmosphere, AIAA Journal, 5, 240-248, 1967.
- 12. J. D. ANDERSON, Hypersonic and High Temperature Gas Dynamics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, USA, 1989.
- 13. J. G. MARVIN, R. B. POPE, Erratum: “Laminar Convective Heating and Ablation in the Mars Atmosphere”, AIAA Journal, 6, 192-192, 1968.
- 14. E. V. ZOBY, Empirical Stagnation-Point Heat-Transfer Relation in Several Gas Mixtures at High Enthalpy Levels, NASA TN D-4799, 1968. - Forschungsbericht.
- 15. G. N. ABRAMOVICH, Theory of Turbulent Jets, MIT Press, 1963.
- 16. M. AUWETER-KURTZ, H. KURTZ, S. LAURE, Plasma generators for re-entry simulation, Journal of Propulsion and Power, 12, 6, 1053-1061, 1996.
- 17. G. HERDRICH, M. AUWETER-KURTZ, T. LAUX, M. WINTER, Operational Behaviour of Inductively Heated Plasma Source IPG3 for Entry Simulations, Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, 16, 3, 440-449, 2002.
- 18. G. HERDRICH, D. PETKOW, High Enthalpy, Water-Cooled and Thin-Walled ICP Sources: Characterization and MHD-Optimization, Journal of Plasma Physics, 74, 3, 391-429, 2008.
- 19. A. J. SMITH, A. WOOD, J. DUBOIS, M. FERTIG, B. PPEIFFER, Plasma Radiation Database PARADE V2.2, Fluid Gravity Engineering Ltd., 2006 (TR28/96 Issue 3). - Forschungsbericht.
- 20. S. LEIN, C. EICHHORN, G. HERDRICH, M. FERTIG, M. W. WINTER, M. AUWETER-KURTZ, Characterization of CO2 Plasma Free Stream Conditions for Atmospheric Entry Simulation, Proceedings of the International Planetary Probe Workshop, 2008.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BAT5-0060-0006