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The problem of environmental noise pollution concerns many Americans whose homes are near highways and busy streets. A famous American Architect, Frank Lloyd Wright, designed houses that have been noted for their architectural splendor and alleged acoustical superiority over more traditional designs. Mr. Wright's acoustical knowledge was tested by taking acoustical measurements and comparisons of traffic noise transferred from the adjacent highway (U S State Route 231). The sample home was a Usonian home and two traditionally designed houses located adjacent to Mr. Wright's design. Noise levels were significantly lower in the Usonian home (called SAMARA by Mr. Wright) compared to the traditionally designed houses. A difference of about 10 dBA existed due to Mr. Wright's unique architectural design. Significant design concepts contributing to this reduction included the excavation depth of the house, screening by the carport, and screening by other natural screens like wintergreen trees and shrubs.
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Tom
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3--16
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 17 poz.
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autor
autor
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland, panuszka@localline.com
Bibliografia
- [1] BERANEK L. L., Acoustics, American Institute of Physics, Inc., 1986.
- [2] ELSTEIN S., Who is Dankmar Adler? Northwestern University USA, Library, The Lantern, September 1999.
- [3] EVANS G.W., LERCHER P., MEI M., ISING H., KOFLER W.W., Community noise exposure and stress in children, The Journal Acoustical Society of America, 109, 3, 1023–1027 (2001).
- [4] FUGATAWA Y., PFEIFER B. B., Frank Lloyd Wright Monograph (1951–1959), E.D.A. Edita, Tokyo Co., Ltd. 1998.
- [5] KRYLOV V. V., Investigation of environmental low-frequency noise, Applied Acoustics, 51, 1, 33–51 (1997).
- [6] HERTZ D.M., Frank Lloyd Wright, G.K. Hall and Co., N. York 1995.
- [7] KUERER R. C., Classes of acoustical comfort in housing: Improved information about noise control in buildings, Applied Acoustics, 52, 3/4, 197–210 (1997).
- [8] KOTZEN B., ENGLISH C., Environmental noise barriers, E & FN SPON, London and New York 1999.
- [9] LENNARD S. H, LENNARD H. L., Architecture: effects of territory, boundary, and orientation on family functioning, Fam. Process, 16, 1, 49–66 (1977).
- [10] PANUSZKA K., PANUSZKA R., Effect of noise on social relationship, The Journal Acoustical Society of America, 112, 5, 2272 (2002).
- [11] ROGERS W. J., CHRISTIAN J. E., Frank Lloyd Wright’s Samara Winged Seeds of Indiana, John E. Christian Family Memorial Trust, Inc. ISBN: 1-931775-00-1.
- [12] SECREST M., Frank Lloyd Wright, A. Knopf, New York 1992.
- [13] SMITH K., Frank Lloyd Wright America’s Master Architect, Abbeville Press, 1998.
- [14] STORRER W. A., The Frank Lloyd Wright Companion, pp. 402–403, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Il. 1993.
- [15] PICKETT J. P. [Ed.], The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition, ISBN 0-618-08230-1, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston-New-York 2000.
- [16] WALKER M,, America Reborn, Alfred Knopf, New York 2000.
- [17] WILKINSON R.T., CAMBELL K.B., Effects of traffic noise on quality of sleep: assessment by EEG, subjective report, or performance the next day, The Journal Acoustical Society of America, 75, 2, 468–475 (1984).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BAT3-0037-0022