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The presented work shows the methodological problems of mortar radiocarbon dating. Dating of lime mortars is based on setting the present 14C concentration of atmospheric CO2 by mortar carbonates in the hardening process. The big difficulty is the presence of aggregate, especially carbonatious one. The application of limestone fragments as aggregate in mortar, is connected with the presence of carbon partially or completely devoid of the radioactive isotope 14C. To carry out radiocarbon dating of the mortars reliably, it was necessary to remove the limestone aggregates. In this context, the application of petrographic studies that enable determination of mineral composition and the percentage of aggregate turns out to be particularly important. Such an identification allows to reconstruct mortar technology and, in combination with geological studies on the investigated terrain, helps to identify the provenance of the applied raw material. To make possible the comparison of the analysed mortar results and the verification of the applied methods, in year 2001 control mortars (mortars with established age) were used. The analyses were performed on mortars from a Romanesque castle built in the years 1177-1230 AD (Wleń, SW part of Poland) and from roman buildings with an approximate age of 140BC-68 AD (west coast of the Dead Sea,). We present the complex study of the mortar including both petrographical analyses and radiocarbon dating. The gas proportional counting technique (GPC) was applied for radiocarbon dating. Thin sections of roman mortars showed the carbonatious character of the binder and a large part of the aggregate; this was the source of the apparent age in radiocarbon dating. In spite of efforts to eliminate the lime aggregate from the mortar (by freezing, warming up, and separating under the binocular), and taking into consideration the amount of old carbon admixture derived from the carbon stable isotopes composition, there is still a great disproportion between historical and radiocarbon dating of these mortars. The results of the 14C dating show, that improvement of the binder-aggregate separation process is necessary. The mortar aggregate from the Polish castle samples does not contain limestone grits, only scarce quartz grains. These Romanesque mortars were tested successfully and the existing architectural and historical data confirm the results obtained by GPC.
Słowa kluczowe
Wydawca
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
109--115
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 14 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Institute of Geology, Department of Dynamic and Regional Geology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Maków Polnych 16, 61-606 Poznań, Poland
autor
- Institute of Geology, Department of Dynamic and Regional Geology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Maków Polnych 16, 61-606 Poznań, Poland
autor
- Institute of Physics, Department of Radioisotopes, Radiocarbon Laboratory, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
autor
- Institute of Physics, Department of Radioisotopes, Radiocarbon Laboratory, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Bibliografia
- 1. Begin Z.B., 1974: The geological map of Israel 1:50,000. Sheet 9-III: Jericho. Geological Survey of Israel Mapping Division.
- 2. Folk R.L. and Valastro S., 1979: Dating of lime mortar by 14C. In: Berger R. and Suess H., eds, Radiocarbon Dating: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference. University of California Press, Berkeley. 721-730.
- 3. Garfunkel Z., 1988: The pre-Quaternary geology of Israel. Dr W Junk Publishers. Dordrecht Printed in the Netherlands: 7-21.
- 4. Heinemeier J., Jungner H., Lindroos A., Ringbom A., von Konow T. and Rud N., 1997: AMS 14C dating of lime mortar. Nuclear Insttruments and Methods in Physics Research B 123: 487-495.
- 5. Lubberts R. and Ben-Avraham Z., 2002: Tectonic evolution of the Qumran Basin from figh-resolution 3.3-kHz seismic profiles and its implication for the evolution of the northern Dead Sea Basin. Tectonophysics 346: 91-113.
- 6. Pazdur A., 1988: The relation between carbon isotope composition and apparent age of freshwater tufaceous sediments. Radiocarbon 30(1): 7-18.
- 7. Pazdur A., Fogtman M., Michczynski A. and Pawlyta J., 2004: Precision of 14C dating in Gliwice Radiocarbon Laboratory. FIRI Programme. Geochronometria 22: 27-40.
- 8. Pazdur A., Michczyñski A., Pawlyta J. and Spahiu P., 2000: Comparision of the radiocarbon dating methods used in the Gliwice Radiocarbon Laboratory. Geochronometria 18: 9-14.
- 9. Ramsey C.B., 2002: OxCal Program v3.8 University of Oxford Radiocarbon, Accelerator Unit. http:/www.rlaha.ox.ac.uk/orau/ 06_01.htm
- 10. Roth I., 1974: The geological map of Israel 1:50,000. Sheet 12-I: Wadi el Qilt. Geological Survey of Israel.
- 11. Sonninen E. and Jungner H., 2001: An improvement in preparation of mortar for radiocarbon dating. Radiocarbon 43 (2A): 271-273.
- 12. Stuiver M. and Polach H.A., 1977: Reporting of 14C data. Radiocarbon 19: 355-363.
- 13. Van Strydonck M., Dupas M., Dauchot-Dehon M., Pachiaudi Ch. and Marechal J., 1986: The influence of contaminating carbonate and the variations of δ13C in mortar dating. Radiocarbon 28 (2A): 702-710.
- 14. Zouridakis N., Saliege J.F., Person A. and Filippakis S.E., 1987: Radiocarbon dating of mortars from ancient greek palaces. Archaeometry 29(1): 60-68.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BAT3-0025-0040