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New data on the age of ancient hillforts in the territory of Moscow have been obtained with the use of radiocarbon dating. Hillforts of the Iron Age (D.yakovskaya culture) existed in Moscow area from the 8th century BC to the 7th century AD; settlements of the medieval age appeared in the 11th.12th centuries AD. Urban soils in the central part of Moscow consist of a thick (3.5 m) layer of habitation deposits (the cultural layer). These deposits were accumulated from the 12th to the 20th century. They are rich in organic matter, carbonates, phosphorus, and various microelements. Strong alkalinity and high stoniness are characteristic of the habitation deposits. We studied the accumulation of elements and their compounds within the habitation deposits of Moscow. These data, together with information on the microelemental composition of the bones of ancient residents of Moscow, allowed us to assess the living conditions of people.
Słowa kluczowe
Wydawca
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
87--95
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 16 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Staromonetny 29, 119017 Moscow, Russia
autor
- Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Staromonetny 29, 119017 Moscow, Russia
Bibliografia
- 1. Alexandrovskaya E.I., 1996: Landscape-History Aspect in the Problem of Urban Development. In: Pan’kov V.V. and Orlov M.S., eds., Geoekologiya gorodskikh territorii (Geoecology of Urban Territories), Moscow Gos. University Press: 89-102 (in Russian).
- 2. Alexandrovskaya E.I., Alexandrovskiy A.L., 2003: Istorikogeograficheskaya antropokhimiya (Historical–Geographic Anthropochemistry), Moscow: NIA-Priroda Press, 204 pp. (in Russian).
- 3. Alexandrovskaya E.I. and Panova T.D., 2003: History of soil, cultural layer, and people in medieval Moscow. Revista Mexicana de Ciensias Geologicas 20 (3): 289-294.
- 4. Alexandrovskiy A.L., Krenke N.A., Boytsov I.A., Alexandrovskaya E.I., van der Plicht J. and Sulerzhicky L.D., 2000: Radiocarbon chronology as a basis for the reconstruction of the historical landscape of Moscow. Radiocarbon and Archaeology 3. St. Petersburg, Thesa Press: 25-32.
- 5. Alexandrovskiy A.L., Krenke N.A., van der Plicht J., Sulerzitski L.D., Panova T.D. and Chichagova O.A., 2004: Radiocarbon dates from the Kremlin and the 14C-chronology of prehistoric sites in Moscow. Radiocarbon and Archaeology. (Proceedings of the 4th Simposium, Oxford 2002): 313-319.
- 6. Alexandrovskiy, A.L., Boytsov I.A. and Krenke N.A., 1997: Pochvy i kulturnyi sloi Moskvy: stroyeniye, istoriya i geografiya (Soils and Cultural Layer of Moscow: Composition, History and Geography). Izvestiya Rossiyskoy Akademii Nauk, ser. 4. Geography (4): 82–95 (in Russian).
- 7. Blume H.-P., 1989: Classification of Soils in Urban Agglomerations, Catena 16 (3): 269–275.
- 8. Boytsov, I.A., Gunova V.S. and Krenke N.A., 1993: Landscapes of Medieval Moscow: Archaeological and Palynological Investigations. Izvestiya Rossiyskoy Akademii Nauk, ser. 4. Geography (4): 60–75 (in Russian).
- 9. Bronk Ramsey C., 2005: OxCal v.3.10. http://www.rlaha.ox.ac.uk/ orau/calibration.html.
- 10. Burghart W., 1994: Soils in urban and industrial environments. Zeitschrift Pflanzenernaehre und Bodenkunde 157, 205-214.
- 11. Dobrovol’skiy G.V., ed., 1997: Pochva, Industrial Gorod, Ekologiya. (Soil, City, Ecology). Fond Za ekonomicheskuyu gramotnost, Moscow: 320 pp. (in Russian).
- 12. Giua M., 1962: Storia della Chimica (History of Chemistry). Torino: Union tipografico-editrice Torinese, 485-802 (in Italian).
- 13. Kaidanova O.V., 1992: Geokhimiya kul’turnykh sloyov drevnikh gorodov (Geochemistry of Cultural Layers of Old Cities). In: Golovin, A.A. and Ye.P. Sorokina, eds, Ekologicheskii i geokhimicheskii analiz tekhnogennogo zagryazneniya (Ecologic and Geochemical Analysis of technogenic Pollution). Moscow Institut MGRI Press: 126–133 (in Russian).
- 14. Reimer P.J., Baillie M.G.L., Bard E., Bayliss A., Beck J.W., Bertrand Ch.J.H., Blackwell P.G., Buck C.E., Burr G.S., Cutler K.B., Damon P.E., Edwards R L., Fairbanks R.G., Friedrich M., Guilderson T.P., Hogg A.G., Hughen K.A., Kromer B., McCormac G., Manning S., Ramsey C.B., Reimer R.W., Remmele S., Southon J.R., Stuiver M., Talamo S., Taylor F.W.; van der Plicht J., Weyhenmeyer C.E., 2004: IntCal04 Terrestrial Radiocarbon Age Calibration, 0–26 Cal Kyr BP. Radiocarbon 46(3): 1029-1058.
- 15.Stroganova M.N. and Agarkova M.G., 1992: Urban Soils: An Experience of Study and Systematisation (by the Example of Soils in the South-Western Part of Moscow). Pochvovedenie (7): 16-24 (in Russian).
- 16. Thornton I., 1991: Metal Contamination of Soils in Urban Areas. In: Bullock P. and Gregory P.J., eds., Soils in the Urban Environment. Oxford Blackwell Scientific Publication: 47-75.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BAT3-0025-0038